In this episode Nick Breeze speaks with Dr Soumitra Das from the Healthy Climate Initiative. Soumitra sheds light on the life threatening challenges that face citizens in India and surrounding countries today. A major threat to life is when heat and humidity combine – known as wet bulb temperatures. This is when the body is unable to cool itself, leading to fatal heatstrokes within a few hours. Today 2% of India’s population are exposed to wet bulb extremes. In a country nearing 1.5 billion people, 2% equates to ~around 30 million people. On the current trajectory this figure is set to rise by midcentury to 70%, or, in real terms, in excess of 1 billion citizens at risk of heatstroke.The fossil fuel industry is the main culprit of this ongoing rise in temperatures, doing everything they can to slow the inevitable transition to clean renewable energy. The impact on peoples lives, infrastructure, biodiversity on land and in the oceans, is incalculable, as carbon emissions continue to rise. All of this is set against the needlessly worsening relations between humans around the world. New episodes include interviews with Professor Mark Maslin at UCL about the state of what the recent World Meteorological Organisation Climate Report tells us and his views on whether we should be looking into methods to cool the earth while we continue to try and reduce emissions. Nick also catch's up with Dr René van Westen at Utrecht University about his and his colleagues new AMOC research paper. The research tells us more indications of Europe’s dramatic climate future as the global mean temperature rises over 2ºC. This is inline with our current emissions scenarios that scientists have told us we should avoid at all costs. Currently our emissions trajectory is taking us much much higher and raises hard questions about the future we want to try and exist in.

Geoengineering, also known as ‘climate intervention’ is being debated by the UK government on 23rd June 2025. This is a response to a petition signed by ~160k people calling for a ban on geoengineering in the UK.

I have been conducting interviews on this topic for the last 15 years. In that time, the climate science data has gotten worse and worse. Successive governments around the world have failed to properly regulate in order to phase out carbon emissions from the fossil fuel industry and land use sectors, that make up the main bulk of pollution.

The outcomes we face are regarded by many scientists as existential around the world and the question of geoengineering as a response polarises climate scientists, experts, and many others involved in this space.

This sequence of edits taken from my interviews between 2012 and 2025 features many leading scientists and commentators on both sides of the argument.

The main focus of this video is a type of geoengineering called solar radiation modification or SRM. Within this there are different proposals. One mentioned here is stratospheric aerosol injection, or SAI, and Marine Cloud Brightening, MCB. These techniques aim to reduce the amount of the suns energy that reaches the earth’s surface, thereby helping to cool the planet while efforts continue to reduce carbon emissions worldwide.

Please watch and post your own thoughts and comments below. I have created a very short survey on the genn.cc website where you can state your position and response to this sequence.

Please note that I have included the years in which these interviews were recorded in each segment, although they are not presented in chronological sequence. What this shows is the huge inertia in this topic while the background noise of catastrophic climate impacts has been moving into the foreground.

Thank you for watching. Please do consider subscribing to Climategenn or even better, become a member. I will be posting all these interviews into the members area on Youtube and Patreon. Many are already in the public domain.

Zack is well known on social media for his engaging graphics that tell the climate change story. He also played a pivotal role at the US National Oceanic Atmospheric Association, or NOAA, in advancing climate modelling and forecasting through innovative AI and machine learning approaches. His forced departure, along with hundreds of other scientists due to DOGE-led federal cuts, has significantly undermined NOAA’s research capacity. The loss not only stalls progress in critical climate science but also poses real risks to public safety and the global understanding of climate change.

“The data is actually in a pretty fragile ecosystem... in some cases in their free time, just kind of turning a crank to update the data.”

“The data is actually in a pretty fragile ecosystem... in some cases in their free time, just kind of turning a crank to update the data.”

“The data is actually in a pretty fragile ecosystem... in some cases in their free time, just kind of turning a crank to update the data.”

[Dr Alexander MacDonald]We've been lucky. The day could come where most of the world loses electricity at exactly the same time. So we have to modernise electricity centred around the supergrid that protects the flow of electricity because it is life-giving.[Nick Breeze]In this ClimateGen episode, I'm speaking with Dr Alexander McDonald, a former head of climate research at the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association, NOAA. Alexander outlines the need to urgently upgrade electrical energy generation in the US and around the world using supergrids. The vulnerability of existing grids was illustrated recently in Spain and Portugal, where an outage hit the entire Iberian Peninsula in May 2025.Without a massive transition to resilient electrification, we are all exposed to huge risks posed by power outages. In the next episode, I speak with Dr Sumitra Das about the proposed cooling plan for India. What we have found last year, 37 cities crossed 45 degrees Celsius and with humidity that means 55 degrees to 65 degrees Celsius, real fill that you'd have.90% of the people do not have air conditioning today. Dr Sumitra Das and his colleagues have proposed a national cooling policy plan in an effort to counter the deaths caused by extreme heatwaves. This includes geoengineering techniques that many will find controversial.And yet, as the emissions keep rising, so do the temperatures and the humidity. Thank you to all members and subscribers for supporting this channel. There are more episodes in the pipeline covering interrelated climate topics from experts across the globe.Thank you for listening. Alexander, thank you very much for taking the time to speak to me today. We're going to talk about the whole supergrid proposal that you're very involved in.And I just wanted to ask you to give a brief status quo in the US for electricity generation and transmission and also considering the future demand for, especially when we're talking about new technologies like AI, for example.

IN this ClinateGenn episode I am speaking with Dr Mike MacCracken, a pioneering climate scientist whose research on atmospheric physics and global climate change has significantly advanced our understanding of human impacts on the climate system. His leadership roles at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and the US Global Change Research Program established him as a key figure in climate science. As chief scientist for the Office of the US Global Change Research Program, he played a crucial role in advising multiple US administrations on climate science and policy.In this episode we explore counter and cross-over views to opposition to solar geoengineering. With great respect to experts on all sides of this discussion– Mike offers some compelling reasons as to why we cannot just denounce proposals to cool the planet.This is at a time when the UK government is significantly funding research into solar geoengineering. With such a split in views on this topic, I hope you take the time to consider what Mike says, and also what Professor Raymond Pierrehumbert says in a previous episode, in order to inform your own perspective.In the next episode I’ll be speaking with Alexander McDonald, a former head of US National Oceanic and atmospheric Agency, NOAA, who is the leading proponent behind SuperGrid’s for supplying the world with clean abundant electrical energy– without which, all our dreams of the future will fail.Thanks to all subscribers. Please do like and share and feedback in the comments. I try to respond to as much as I can.

In Alentejo, techniques to conserve water are transforming the outlook for the region. As large olive oil and wine estates start to deploy regenerative farming techniques, we see the landscape come alive with biodiversity thriving.

Indigenous grape varieties mean that new wine styles that are both elegant and charming are giving Alentejo a new character that resonates with international markets. This is an exciting chapter in the journey of this wine region that predates the Romans.

Download the FREE ebook: https://sustentabilidade.vinhosdoalentejo.pt/uploads/ebook/into-the-heat.pdf

Sustainability is often framed and presented as a purely environmental subject. The truth is that the economics of any given sustainability effort are underpinned by economic viability. It is the market place that determines whether products are desired and thus bought. If the producers get it wrong, there is no business, meaning job losses and environmental objectives are abandoned. Here we dive into the economic challenges that face Alentejo’s wine industry but also are mirrored in many regions around the world.

Download the FREE ebook: https://sustentabilidade.vinhosdoalentejo.pt/uploads/ebook/into-the-heat.pdf

Francisco Mateus was the President of the Wines of Alentejo wine commission at the time of this interview. He stepped down in 2025. His broader picture view helps us to place the economic pillar of sustainability into a broader context.

In this episode Nick Breeze speaks with a range of producers hearing how critical it is to invest in communities, building house, schools, offering scholarships to children and transport links.

Download the FREE ebook: https://sustentabilidade.vinhosdoalentejo.pt/uploads/ebook/into-the-heat.pdf

Without communities in this scarcely populated region, there would be no development of regenerative agriculture. Without the economic structure of business the land, degraded from decades past, would turn to desert and spread north. Supporting communities in Alentejo is literally holding back the Sahara.