Dass der Populismus ein Gespenst sei, das die Demokratie heimgesucht habe, gehört zu den Glaubenssätzen unserer Zeit – als handle es sich um eine Krankheit, die man mit den richtigen Therapien kurieren könne. Doch was, wenn dieses Gespenst gar kein Eindringling ist, sondern ein Familienmitglied? Der Historiker Jörg Baberowski hat sich in die Abgründe des Begriffs begeben und dabei eine unbequeme Entdeckung gemacht: nämlich dass der Gegensatz von »denen da oben« und »uns hier unten« keine Verfallserscheinung, sondern geradezu ein Leitmotiv moderner Gesellschaften ist. Schon Heinrich Heine hat in seinem Wintermärchen die wunderbare Bemerkung gemacht, dass diejenigen, die das ideologische Eiapopeia vom Himmel singen, damit vor allem bestrebt sind, das Volk, den großen Lümmel ruhig zu stellen. Oder wie Baberowski schreibt: Der Populismus [ist] der immerwährende Schatten der Volkssouveränität. Und weil dies so ist, sind die Fronten keineswegs klar, sondern ist man, um so vertraut anmutende Begriffe wie Demokratie oder Repräsentation wirklich zu begreifen, zu einem Gang in die Geistesgeschichte genötigt. Genau dies ist der Gegenstand unseres Gesprächs: eine geistige Anatomie des Repräsentationsbegriffs und der Versuch, sich über seine zunehmende Dysfunktionalität Klarheit zu verschaffen.

Jörg Baberowski ist ein deutscher Historiker und Gewaltforscher. Er ist seit 2002 Professor für Geschichte Osteuropas an der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Baberowski hat sich auf die Geschichte der Sowjetunion und des stalinistischen Terrors spezialisiert.

Jörg Baberowski hat u.a. veröffentlicht

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Given that we’re said to live in an Information Society, the idea that an entire Nation could succumb to a form of mass hysteria similar to medieval delusions of sacrilege and infanticide would normally be unthinkable. The Canadian scandal involving the Kamloops child deaths, which kept all of Canada on edge for quite some time, exemplifies such an incident—a moral panic that led the Canadian Prime Minister, in a display of national shame, to lower the country’s flags to half-mast. And because the public held the Catholic Church responsible for the alleged murders, Pope Francis was also asked to apologize—a request he humbly fulfilled during a six-day penitential pilgrimage to Canada. The fact that the affair eventually faded away did not, of course, lead to a full reckoning—and this is precisely why we should turn our attention to this question of how such a moral panic could have emerged in the Information age. It was Tom Flanagan who caught our attention because, as a political scientist, he has published two books on the subject (along with others); additionally, he is not only a recognized expert on Canadian colonial history but also has a deep familiarity with how politics operate, thanks to his long tenure as an advisor to Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper.

Tom Flanagan taught political science at the University of Calgary until his retirement. His academic interests centered on Canadian Indigenous peoples, especially the Métis, who, led by the millenarian Louis Riel, initiated a rebellion against the Canadian government in 1885. Alongside his academic pursuits, Flanagan also served as a political consultant and columnist for major Canadian newspapers.

Tom Flanagan has recently puplished

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What do you do when you’re a public relations spokeswoman sitting in a BBC studio, being grilled by a relentless host who is insisting that you defend Extinction Rebellion founder Roger Hallam’s absurd claim that climate change will claim billions of lives in just a few years? In actuality, her answer would have been simple — she needed only to follow the group’s creed, drilled into her before the broadcast: just break down in tears. »People need to see crying mothers...« That Zion Lights didn’t bow to the activists’ peer pressure in this situation is a sign of great intellectual integrity — which may have something to do with her family’s history: her parents were Indian rice farmers before moving to the UK, a background that taught her energy poverty is even worse than CO2 emissions — and how technology has done more to liberate women than any hand-wringing or crocodile tears ever could. And this was precisely what prompted us to start a conversation with her, tracing the path of this woman who went from being the press spokesperson for Extinction Rebellion—perhaps the most radical of all Environmental Movements—to becoming an advocate for Nuclear Power: a coming-of-age story that highlights the internal doctrine of this cult — as Zion Lights herself now calls it — while reminding us that demonizing technology is a luxury belief that few people can afford — and one that, as off-grid societies have shown, leads to the worst cognitive dissonance imaginable.

Zion Lights is a writer who was an early environmental activist and press spokesperson for Extinction Rebellion from 2018 to 2020. After parting ways with the group, she shifted toward a pragmatic, technology-oriented environmental movement. She recently published her journey from »grassroots activism to becoming one of the UK’s leading advocates for nuclear energy,« titled Energy is Life: Why Environmentalism Went Nuclear. She has contributed to the Huffington Post for several years and has recently begun writing for Quillette and Human Progress.

Zion Lights has published

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