Keto Diets
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Keto Diets
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Discussing the health effects of low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diets (CRD/KD), focusing heavily on lipid metabolism and cardiovascular risk. Several articles, including one from the American College of Cardiology, indicate that a "keto-like" diet may be associated with significantly higher LDL cholesterol ("bad" cholesterol) and a doubled risk of major cardiovascular events in some individuals. Other research introduces the "Lean Mass Hyper-Responder" (LMHR) phenotype, which describes leaner individuals with otherwise healthy metabolic markers who experience extreme elevations in LDL cholesterol on a CRD, a response explained by the Lipid Energy Model (LEM). Additionally, the texts explore the use of KD in managing Type 2 diabetes, where it can improve glycemic control and reduce the need for certain medications, although the quality of the fat and protein sources (plant-based vs. animal-based) within a low-carb diet appears to influence diabetes risk. Finally, one source notes that low-carbohydrate diets prior to conception may increase the risk of neural tube defects in infants, highlighting a specific risk for pregnant women.