Could the “word gap” be more myth than fact? Or is it a useful tool for understanding inequality in early childhood?

On this episode of School’s In, Stanford Assistant Professor Monica Ellwood-Lowe joins the show to unpack one of the most cited – and most debated – ideas in early childhood development: the so-called “word gap,” or idea that children from lower-income families hear fewer words than those from more affluent homes. She explains what the latest research says about the quantity and quality of early language exposure, the effects of structural and economic inequities on parental engagement, and how brain development might differ not because of what children lack, but because of how they adapt. She covers several topics, including:

• (03:07) The word gap: Origins and controversy
• (05:47) Do parents just need to talk more? How financial and structural stressors affect parental attention
• (13:55) Beyond “motherease”: Cultural differences in child language development
• (18:20) Parenting, pressure, and perspective

Monica Ellwood-Lowe is an assistant professor at Stanford Graduate School of Education. With a PhD in developmental psychology, she studies how the structure of society shapes caregiving and early child development. She dives into questions about children’s language and brain development that continue to drive her work today. Learn more on her faculty profile.

School’s In is your go-to podcast for cutting-edge insights and fresh perspectives on the future of learning. Hosted by Stanford Graduate School of Education (GSE) Dean Dan Schwartz and Senior Lecturer Denise Pope, each episode dives into the latest research, innovations, and real-world challenges shaping education today.

Stanford GSE is at the forefront of education research and teacher preparation, dedicated to advancing equitable, accessible, and impactful learning experiences for all.

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What will it mean to teach and learn in an AI-powered world? Can we use artificial intelligence to enhance, but not replace, the best of what humans do?

Recorded live in Los Angeles at Stanford’s Open Minds event, this episode of School’s In dives into how AI is reshaping education – its promises, pitfalls, and surprises. Dan and Denise welcome Stanford faculty members Judith Ellen Fan, a cognitive scientist, and Christopher Piech, a computer scientist, to the stage for a lively discussion that ranges from motivation and creativity to assessment and cheating. Together, they explore the deeply human elements of human learning and AI design, and the ways that Stanford is shaping the conversation about how humans and machines learn together. They cover several topics, including:

• (01:57) Students and AI: Inspiration and creativity
• (04:55) Beyond words: Why AI still struggles with human thinking
• (09:53) AI's impact on cheating and academic integrity
• (18:09) Keeping learning human: Mentors, motivation, and meaningful tasks
• (23:59) Designing AI for the future of learning

Christopher Piech is an associate professor of computer science at Stanford University. He develops AI systems that support personalized education, working at the intersection of deep learning and classroom practice to help students learn more effectively and equitably. Learn more about his work on his faculty profile.

Judith Ellen Fan is an assistant professor of psychology and the director of the Cognitive Tools Lab (https://cogtoolslab.github.io/) at Stanford University. Her research focuses on how visual communication supports learning. She bridges cognitive science, computational neuroscience, and artificial intelligence, exploring how tools like drawing can reveal and enhance human understanding. Learn more about her work on her faculty profile.

School’s In is your go-to podcast for cutting-edge insights and fresh perspectives on the future of learning. Hosted by Stanford Graduate School of Education (GSE) Dean Dan Schwartz and Senior Lecturer Denise Pope, each episode dives into the latest research, innovations, and real-world challenges shaping education today.

Stanford GSE is at the forefront of education research and teacher preparation, dedicated to advancing equitable, accessible, and impactful learning experiences for all.

Stay connected with the latest insights—subscribe to our newsletter and follow us on Instagram, LinkedIn, and Threads.

*Please note: This episode includes discussion of youth mental health, including mentions of suicidal ideation. Listener discretion is advised.*

Could the future of school-based mental health include chatbots—and should it?

On this episode of School’s In, Stanford Assistant Professor Nick Haber joins the show to unpack research on AI chatbots as tools to support young people’s mental health. As an expert in learning sciences and artificial intelligence learning sciences, Haber sheds light on both the promising and the unsettling. , He covers several topics, including:

• (03:27) Why study AI chatbots as therapists?
• (06:27) The danger: AI therapists in crisis situations
• (11:41) Human interaction vs. AI companionship
• (15:04) AI and youth mental health
• (18:48) From risks to responsibility: Advice for parents and educators

Nick Haber is an assistant professor at Stanford Graduate School of Education. He and his research group develop AI systems meant to mimic and model the ways people learn early in life, exploring their environments through play, social interaction, and curiosity. Learn more about his work on his faculty profile.

School’s In is your go-to podcast for cutting-edge insights and fresh perspectives on the future of learning. Hosted by Stanford Graduate School of Education (GSE) Dean Dan Schwartz and Senior Lecturer Denise Pope, each episode dives into the latest research, innovations, and real-world challenges shaping education today.

Stanford GSE is at the forefront of education research and teacher preparation, dedicated to advancing equitable, accessible, and impactful learning experiences for all.

Stay connected with the latest insights—subscribe to our newsletter and follow us on Instagram, LinkedIn, and Threads.