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The Generalist

The Generalist

Auteur(s): Mario Gabriele
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 “The future is already here. It’s just not evenly distributed.” The Generalist Podcast brings you weekly conversations with the people who live in these pockets of the future – visionary founders, prescient investors, and original thinkers. Each episode is designed to introduce you to new ideas, technologies, and markets and help you prepare for the world of tomorrow.Mario Gabriele
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  • Biological Time Travel: How Cryopreservation Could Transform Medicine | Laura Deming (CEO & co-founder of Until)

    Biological Time Travel: How Cryopreservation Could Transform Medicine | Laura Deming (CEO & co-founder of Until)
    Oct 14 2025
    From a child prodigy in a genetics lab to building a company that can pause life itself, Laura Deming has made a career out of chasing time. At just eight years old she became obsessed with aging. At eleven, she joined Cynthia Kenyon’s pioneering longevity lab. At seventeen, she launched The Longevity Fund—one of the first venture firms dedicated to extending human healthspan. Now, she’s tackling her boldest challenge yet: building a “pause button” for biology.As the co-founder of Until, Laura is developing reversible cryopreservation: the ability to cool living tissue to ultra-low temperatures, hold it there, and then bring it back fully functional. By achieving vitrification (the process of turning tissue into glass instead of ice), Until aims to make organ preservation, and eventually medical hibernation, a reality.We cover:• Why longevity was once stigmatized, and what changed to make it one of the most credible fields in biotech today• Why Until’s approach focuses on preserving the living, not the dead• The physics and biological challenges of scaling reversible cryopreservation from embryos to human-sized organs• How vitrification is making cryopreservation possible• How this breakthrough could transform organ transplantation by eliminating time constraints (and eventually enable medical hibernation)• The philosophical and social implications of being able to “pause” life and effectively time travel into the future• How growing up homeschooled in New Zealand shaped Laura’s unconventional way of thinking• The story of how legendary biologist Cynthia Kenyon invited 11-year-old Laura into her lab, sparking her lifelong obsession with aging• How she learned to embrace her weirdness and trust it as her creative superpower—Thank you to the partners who make this possibleGoFundMe Giving Funds: One Account. Zero Hassle.Brex: The banking solution for startups.Persona: Trusted identity verification for any use case.—Transcript: https://www.generalist.com/p/biological-time-travel-laura-deming—Timestamps(00:00) Intro(04:55) How Laura became interested in longevity at such a young age(07:40) The impact of homeschooling on Laura’s thinking(09:29) The invitation from Cynthia Kenyon that set Laura on her path at age 11(10:39) Why pursuing longevity once meant working in the shadows(14:20) Why Laura shifted into VC at The Longevity Fund(17:24) How longevity transformed from fringe science to a legitimate field(19:40) Why Laura was driven to start Until(21:08) A simple explanation of reversible cryopreservation(23:10) Science fiction’s explorations of cryo(25:38) What sparked Laura’s interest in reversible cryo(27:35) How cryonics and reversible cryo differ, and the mechanisms behind each(29:00) Until’s roadmap, beginning with cryopreserved organs for transplantation(34:00) The biggest challenges in developing preservable organs(35:53) How cryopreservation works(38:30) Until’s building philosophy(42:34) How Laura learned to trust her weirdness(49:10) Finding the right co-founder in Hunter Davis(51:17) Future applications beyond medical necessity(53:00) Unanswered questions in cryopreservation(55:05) What’s missing in Hollywood’s portrayal of genius(56:21) Laura’s unique process for exploring ideas(59:58) Personal longevity practices(01:01:30) The positive impact of Bryan Johnson’s work(01:02:38) Final meditations—Follow Laura DemingLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/laura-deming-b255362a/X: https://x.com/laurademingWebsite: https://www.ldeming.com/—Resources and episode mentions: https://www.generalist.com/p/biological-time-travel-laura-deming⁠—Production and marketing by penname.co. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email jordan@penname.co.
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    1 h et 6 min
  • "This feels like 1996": Why a16z's Martin Casado believes the AI boom still has years to run (General Partner)

    "This feels like 1996": Why a16z's Martin Casado believes the AI boom still has years to run (General Partner)
    Oct 7 2025
    Martin Casado has lived through multiple tech waves—first as a founder, now as a16z’s leading voice on AI and infrastructure. He helped pioneer software-defined networking, then moved from academia to entrepreneurship, and today backs founders building at the frontier of technology as a General Partner at Andreessen Horowitz. In this conversation, Martin shares his unique perspective on the AI boom, his market-first investment philosophy, and why he believes we’re still in the early days of AI’s impact.We explore:• Martin’s path from game engines and simulations to investing at Andreessen Horowitz• Why Martin believes we’re only in “1996” of the AI boom cycle with years to run before any bubble• Why Martin approaches investing “from markets in” rather than “from companies out”• Why the AI coding market represents a potential $3 trillion opportunity• The transformation of Andreessen Horowitz from a small generalist partnership to a specialized 600-person organization• The concerning dominance of Chinese companies in open source AI models• Why Martin thinks AGI discussions encourage “lazy thinking” and obscure meaningful conversations• How World Labs is solving the 3D representation problem that could unlock robotics, VR, and more—Thank you to the partners who make this possibleAuth0: Secure access for everyone. But not just anyone.Brex: The banking solution for startups.Persona: Trusted identity verification for any use case.—Transcript: https://www.generalist.com/p/this-feels-like-1996-martin-casado—Timestamps(00:00) Intro(04:50) Martin’s early career(08:35) Martin’s shift from academia to founding his own company during an economic downturn(11:25) The story behind Martin joining Andreessen Horowitz(17:55) Ben Horowitz’s most impactful advice(19:49) How Andreessen Horowitz has transformed since 2016(22:20) Why product experience matters more than technical prowess for infrastructure investing(26:26) Martin’s market-first investment philosophy(28:39) Andreessen Horowitz’s framework for assessing founders and startups(33:14) Why Martin thinks Hock Tan may be the best CEO today(35:18) The controversy around non-consensus investing in early stages(38:42) Why today’s AI boom reminds Martin of the mid-’90s tech environment(44:38) How today’s AI boom differs from 2021’s tech bubble(47:10) Why the promise of AI in organizations remains largely unrealized(50:29) How Martin uses AI for coding and as a reading thought partner(52:56) Why Martin doesn’t use AI for writing(53:24) Martin’s interest in Eisenhower and historical parallels to today(55:33) Two equally important paths for AI’s future(58:33) Why Cursor stood out as the leader in AI coding tools(01:01:14) The lack of inherent defensibility in AI and how to build moats(01:03:30) World Labs’ mission to transform 2D images into 3D environments(01:06:42) 3D’s emerging use cases and why the VR market may expand(01:11:50) Why Martin isn’t an “AGI guy” and how the term erodes conversation quality(01:14:59) How seeing AI as a continuum creates room for future products and investment(01:16:28) The security and regulatory challenges of Chinese open-source AI models(01:19:23) Final meditations—Follow Martin CasadoLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/martincasado/X: https://x.com/martin_casado—Resources and episode mentions—Books—• The Weirdest People in the World: https://www.amazon.com/WEIRDest-People-World-Psychologically-Particularly/dp/1250800072/• The Beginning of Infinity: Explanations That Transform the World: https://www.amazon.com/Beginning-Infinity-Explanations-Transform-World/dp/0143121359...References continued at: https://www.generalist.com/p/this-feels-like-1996-martin-casado⁠—Production and marketing by penname.co. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email jordan@penname.co.
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    1 h et 25 min
  • How to be Agentic in the Age of AI | Cate Hall (CEO of Astera)

    How to be Agentic in the Age of AI | Cate Hall (CEO of Astera)
    Sep 30 2025
    Cate Hall is the CEO of Astera, a private foundation focused on AI risk and frontier technology. Before leading Astera, Cate’s unconventional career path took her from practicing law (including work on Supreme Court briefs) to becoming the world’s top-ranked female poker player in 2016. After overcoming personal struggles with addiction, she co-founded Alvea, a biotech company developing shelf-stable vaccines for pandemic response, before joining Astera. In this conversation, Cate shares insights on human psychology, agency as a learnable skill, and why she believes AI’s biggest risk may be a “soft takeover” in which humans gradually lose independence and meaning.We explore:• How Cate’s approach to poker focused on reading people rather than pure game theory, and why this contrarian strategy worked• Why people who always try to “play” high status in conversations often have psychological issues• The critical difference between ambition and agency, and why they’re often confused• How LSD helped Cate break out of her career path and discover her own agency• Why Cate believes we need a slowdown in AI development to develop the social technologies to manage it• The challenge of maintaining meaning in human life as AI systems increasingly mediate our experiences• How Astera is using investment as a philanthropic tool to help steer frontier technology development—Thank you to the partners who make this possibleAuth0: Secure access for everyone. But not just anyone.Brex: The banking solution for startups.—Transcript: https://www.generalist.com/p/how-to-be-agentic-in-the-age-of-ai-cate-hall—Timestamps(00:00) Introduction to Cate Hall(03:56) Cate’s role as CEO of Astera(04:52) Cate’s poker career and focus on live reading(07:02) The intuitive ‘people radar’ Cate has in identifying exceptional talent(11:16) Status dynamics in conversations(16:13) The parallel between poker and startup evolution(19:18) The German wave in poker and game theory(24:22) Cate’s legal career and Supreme Court experience(27:05) The difference between ambition and agency(29:13) How LSD helped Cate discover her agency(31:26) Leaving poker and dealing with mental health issues(34:26) The founding story of Alvea(38:14) The founding story of Astera(43:15) Cate’s journey into AI risk(45:50) The concept of a “soft takeover” and how AI might hollow out human experience(49:46) The overwhelming challenge of addressing AI risk(51:20) Astera’s approach to steering technology development(53:15) Astera’s investment in Last Energy(54:20) How philanthropy and investing work together at Astera(57:22) Practical ways to increase personal agency(1:07:20) Final meditations—Follow Cate HallX: https://x.com/catehallLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/cate-hall-9a81a35/Newsletter: https://usefulfictions.substack.com/—Resources and episode mentions—Books—• Zero to One: Notes on Startups, or How to Build the Future: https://www.amazon.com/Zero-One-Notes-Startups-Future/dp/0804139296/• Impro: https://www.amazon.com/Impro-Improvisation-Theatre-Keith-Johnstone/dp/0878301178• Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies: https://www.amazon.com/Superintelligence-Dangers-Strategies-Nick-Bostrom/dp/0198739834/• The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion: https://www.amazon.com/Righteous-Mind-Divided-Politics-Religion/dp/0307455777/—People—• Jed McCaleb on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jed-mccaleb-4052a4/• Charlie Carrel on X: https://x.com/charlie_carrel• Seemay Chou on X: https://x.com/seemaychou• Ben Kuhn on X: https://x.com/benkuhnEpisode resources continued at: https://www.generalist.com/p/how-to-be-agentic-in-the-age-of-ai-cate-hall—Production and marketing by penname.co. For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email jordan@penname.co.
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    1 h et 11 min
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