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Page de couverture de Trivia Time: How Did Pittsburgh Turn Flood Relief into a Blueprint for Feeding America?

Trivia Time: How Did Pittsburgh Turn Flood Relief into a Blueprint for Feeding America?

Trivia Time: How Did Pittsburgh Turn Flood Relief into a Blueprint for Feeding America?

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 Read Part One of Flood to Food Banks here.By the spring of 1937, the Ohio River had retreated to its banks, but the questions it left behind were harder to contain. Across the valley, local officials and federal administrators began asking what might happen if the same machinery that fed the stranded could be used to feed the poor.That question found its first real test in Pittsburgh, a city still defined by its mills and smoke. In the months after the flood, the Red Cross and the Works Progress Administration (WPA) turned their emergency kitchens into an experiment. Instead of closing when the waters receded, they stayed open—serving families displaced not by water, but by chronic unemployment. The effort became known informally as the Pittsburgh “trial project.”The idea spread quickly. Similar pilot programs were launched in St. Louis, Cincinnati, and Louisville, each tailored to its local economy. In St. Louis, where food distribution relied on factory surplus and church networks, officials emphasized public-private coordination. Cincinnati used its dense neighborhood structure to test cooperative buying clubs. Louisville experimented with city-managed commodity depots—early versions of the “food warehouses” that would later define mid-century welfare logistics. But Pittsburgh stood out for its scale and precision. Backed by federal administrators who had cut their teeth on flood relief, the city developed a system for inventorying, storing, and distributing food that could function even when emergency funds dried up.At its core, the project asked whether public welfare could operate with the efficiency of disaster relief. WPA clerks cataloged household needs; local grocers became distribution partners; surplus commodities from the U.S. Department of Agriculture—flour, beans, lard, canned fruit—were tracked, stored, and rationed according to family size. The Red Cross supplied social workers, and city officials provided warehouses and trucks. Together they built a prototype for what would later be called food security logistics.The trial wasn’t perfect. Federal funding ebbed with each budget cycle, and the social stigma of “relief food” remained. But the administrative bones of the system—the inventories, supply chains, and coordination among civic and charitable agencies—became a model. Within a decade, its principles informed the Federal Surplus Commodities Program (1939) and, decades later, the Emergency Food Assistance Program and modern food banks.The Great Flood’s legacy, it turned out, wasn’t only the levees that kept rivers in check—it was the blueprint for a nation learning to feed itself in good times and bad.And here’s a picture of Secretary of Labor, Frances Perkins, with Pittsburgh steelworkers in 1933.Now that you’ve read about the Pittsburgh “trial project” and its sister cities, test what you know about how these experiments evolved into the modern food-bank system in this month’s quiz.Note to my fantastic new subscribers:It’s the rare person who can answer all ten trivia questions without any prep. I couldn’t answer them without a significant amount of research, either! Do your best and enjoy learning something new. QUESTIONS:Each question has one correct answer, found in the footnotes.1. What made Pittsburgh the ideal testing ground for the “trial project?”A. It had strong labor unions and civic coordinationB. It had an existing network of flood-relief warehouses and staffC. It was home to one of the nation’s largest steelworker populationsD. It was the operational capital of the New Deal’s relief agencies in the East2. Which New Deal administrator was known for saying, “People don’t eat in the long run—they eat every day?”A. Harold IckesB. Eleanor RooseveltC. Harry HopkinsD. Henry Wallace3. Which prominent women helped shape Pittsburgh’s approach to relief work?A. Frances PerkinsB. Eleanor RooseveltC. Mary McLeod BethuneD. All of the above4. What immediate challenge did Pittsburgh face once the floodwaters receded?A. Contaminated food suppliesB. Unemployment in the millsC. Housing shortages in the suburbsD. Labor strikes in city services5. Which local partner helped the WPA convert emergency kitchens into year-round distribution centers?A. The Heinz CompanyB. The City Department of Public WelfareC. Carnegie SteelD. The Allegheny Conference on Community Development6. What role did the Red Cross play in Pittsburgh’s trial project?A. Operated soup kitchens independentlyB. Supplied social workers and coordinated volunteersC. Focused solely on medical careD. Distributed industrial food waste to the poor7. What was unique about Pittsburgh’s data collection?A. It used punch-card tabulators from local millsB. WPA clerks tracked every meal and household servedC. It relied on volunteer recordkeepers from churchesD. All records were destroyed after the project ended8. What type of food filled Pittsburgh’s relief warehouses...
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