Ancient Human History

The Neanderthals looks at the evolution of the Neanderthals and examines the theories regarding how they went extinct.

Most scientists believe the evolution of humans has a history nearly as long as life itself. Anatomically modern humans and all other life that has existed on the planet first came about from the single-celled microorganisms that emerged approximately four billion years ago. Through the processes of mutation and natural selection, all forms of life developed, and this continuous lineage of life makes it difficult to say precisely when one species completely separates from another.

The indigenous peoples of the Americas have widespread beliefs related to personal guardian spirits. Natives believe that for any success in life there must be protection by a supernatural power. And, in this, they are absolutely correct. The Natives deified guardian spirits since ancient times; and, as it turned out, not in vain because they are directly related to people, to their psyche. All the guardian spirits of the ancient Natives were part of nature.

Learn about the rise of the Aztec civilization and the powerful cities they created, including the capital city of Tenochtitlan. Explore the daily lives of the Aztec people, their art and culture, and their architecture. Uncover the rituals and beliefs of the Aztec people, including human sacrifice and religious ceremonies. Discover the majestic kings of the Aztec Empire and the legacy they left behind.

The Cro-Magnon were Homo sapiens, and the most defining characteristics of the species are the cultural traits that begin to show in the archaeological record. Tools were beginning to be made from multiple materials, and these people would often travel long distances or trade to acquire specific materials for tools. Symbolic material became increasingly common among them, as cave paintings, figurines, shell beads, pendants, and even early burials were more common with modern humans than Neanderthals.