Iraq History

The U.S. military detention center at Guantanamo Bay - known to the public as Gitmo - has been called the American Gulag, a scene of medieval horrors where innocent farmers and goat herders swept up in Afghanistan and Iraq have been sequestered, tortured, and abused for years on end without access to legal counsel or basic medical services.

In 1999, Munjed Al Muderis was a surgical resident working in Baghdad when the military police marched into the operating theatre and ordered the team to mutilate army deserters. When the head of surgery refused, he was executed. Munjed's choices were stark - comply and breach the medical oath, refuse and face death or flee. That day, Munjed's life changed forever. He escaped to Indonesia and boarded a boat to Australia.

The study of origins may undoubtedly be regarded as the most striking characteristic of recent archaeological research. There is a peculiar fascination in tracking any highly developed civilization to its source and watching its growth from the rude and tentative efforts of primitive people to the more elaborate achievements of a later day. Furthermore, we can now explain the ancient history of the three principal civilizations of the ancient world because of recent excavations.

In spring 2008, inspired by the Vietnam-era Winter Soldier hearings, Iraq Veterans Against the War gathered veterans to expose war crimes in Afghanistan and Iraq. Here are the powerful words, images, and documents of this historic gathering, which show the reality of life in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Al Qaeda’s 9/11 attack was just a small part of its long-term plan. Osama Bin Laden knew the assault would provoke the U.S. to invade Afghanistan and re-stoke his jihad. Bin Laden has built a large following by perverting the teachings of Islam to justify the mass murder of innocent people. By fighting him with bullets and bombs we have bolstered Bin Laden’s recruiting efforts abroad, undermined civil liberties and economic security at home and tarnished America’s reputation internationally.

Civilization and Its Enemies is an extraordinary tour de force by America's reigning philosopher of 9/11, Lee Harris. In it, Harris focuses on the next great conflict: the war between the civilized world and the international terrorists who wish to destroy it.

The reign of Hammurabi is a convenient point at which to observe general changes in and later introductions to the pantheon of the Sumerian gods. The political alterations in the kingdom were reflected in the sacred circle. Certain gods were relegated to the cold shades of obscurity, while new deities were adopted and others, hitherto regarded as negligible quantities, were exalted to the heights of heavenly omnipotence. The worship of Merodach first came into prominence in the days of Hammurabi.

The name of Sargon of Agade, or Akkad, bulks mainly in later Mesopoatmian tradition, and modern writers have regarded his reign as marking the most critical epoch in the ancient history of his country. The reference in the text of Nabonidus to the age of Naram-Sin has caused the Dynasty of Akkad to be taken as the canon, or standard, by which to measure the relative age of other dynasties or of rulers whose inscriptions have from time to time been recovered upon various early Mesopotamian sites.

What does it mean to kill for your country? How do you learn how to do it? What does it feel like in the moment? Once the killing starts, how do you control it? And what happens when you kill the wrong person or don’t kill someone you wish you had or look back, years later, at the people you killed? America has been at war in two countries for more than a decade. The killing that has been done and is being done is a crucial aspect of war and an integral part of the memories servicemen bring home with them.

The Anunnaki in the Epic of Gilgamesh compared to the Nephilim Flood Narrative? Scholars have long debated whether the Anunnaki in the Epic of Gilgamesh is the same beings as the Nephilim of Genesis 6. There is a direct connection between these two groups of entities which sheds light on this critical question. One of the biggest problems with interpreting certain parts of ancient texts, such as the Book of Genesis, and other writings, can be traced back to an almost fanatical obsession.

No Sumerian myths have been recovered dealing directly and explicitly with the creation of the Universe; what little is known about the Sumerian cosmogonic ideas has been inferred and deduced from laconic statements scattered throughout the literary documents. We have several myths concerned with the organization of the Universe and its cultural processes, the creation of man, and the establishment of civilization.

Where did writing, culture, and agriculture begin? The Middle East is the cradle of civilization - where humankind once roamed in small groups of hunter-gatherers and foraged for food and shelter, then learned to plant crops and build structures. Today, we are an advanced civilization that has conquered the skies, oceans, and even the moon. To understand how this transformation occurred, take a brief trip back into the history of the Middle East, where it all began.

La "Cuna de la civilización" nos dejó los conceptos del minuto compuesto de sesenta segundos, la hora de sesenta minutos y el día y la noche de doce horas de duración. Sus grandes sabios predijeron eclipses solares y lunares y desarrollaron ecuaciones cuadráticas. El antiguo Irak fue innegablemente una potencia de creatividad y grandes logros. Explore los imperios acadio, babilónico, asirio, persa y griego, y cómo estos llegaron a la cima hasta estrellarse y caer.

In 1990, U.S. Army Major Martin Stanton was a military advisor stationed in Saudi Arabia. Encouraged by the Army to broaden his cultural horizons, and assured by the U.S. embassy that Kuwait was perfectly safe, Stanton took off for a long weekend there. Roused by gunshots his first night in Kuwait City, Stanton looked out the window and discovered he was in the middle of a full-scale invasion.

Igigi unrest leading to the Zu Incident was just a harbinger of other troubles to come—troubles inherent in long-term interplanetary missions—female companionship was one of the significant problems. There was also trouble among the Earth-based Anunnaki, especially those assigned to mining duties. While the gods, like men, bore the toil and work, there was great toil, and the result was heavy; there was much distress. Despite the absence of men on Earth, the gods toiled as though they were men. Enki and Ninmah achieved that feat, but it was not a story with a happy ending.

Die Irrtümer des Kreuzzugs gegen den Terror. Todenhöfer ist ein bekennender Freund der USA und kein Pazifist, aber er empört sich über das unvorstellbare Leid, das ein Krieg gegen den Irak besonders über dessen Kinder bringen wird, die ohnehin seit Jahren schon die schwächsten Opfer der UN-Sanktionen sind. Er ist außerdem überzeugt, dass gegen Terror eines bestimmt nicht hilft: Krieg. Vielmehr hält er den Krieg gegen den Irak für völkerrechtswidrig, kontraproduktiv und unnötig.

Love and hope often arrive in the strangest places and in the strangest ways. During his tour of duty in Iraq, Lieutenant Colonel Jay Kopelman of the U.S. Marines endured the emotional stress common for those involved in bloody battles for freedom. Although the rules forbid pets, Kopelman and his comrades adopted an abandoned puppy left behind after the battle for Fallujah. The dog (named Lava) befriended the Marines and journalists, and was eventually smuggled out of Iraq.

He is trained and ready for war. Instead of leading the Marines into combat, a Marine captain is given the mission of advising an Iraqi army battalion in one of the most violent cities in Iraq. The collected stories span seven months of nearly constant combat in 2006 and 2007, at the height of the insurgency in Iraq. This audiobook is the raw, visceral story of a combat adviser with a lot more combat than advising.

Patti, the mother of Army medic Jon, and Jennifer, sister of infantry soldier James, forge a dear and lifelong friendship as their soldiers fight to stay alive in one of the most dangerous cities in Iraq. The story begins separately with the Patti and Jennifer's recollections of the day their soldiers deployed to Iraq from Ft. Lewis, Washington. As the book progresses, their separate stories of Army life grow together as their soldier's deployment continues.

The Gulf War took place between August 1990 and February 1991, when Iraq, led by Saddam Hussein, invaded neighboring Kuwait, a small, oil-rich country in the Middle East. His actions horrified and terrified world leaders and average citizens alike, as fears about his use of chemical weapons and his plans for further expansion spurred the United Nations into action.