Philosophy Ethics

David Hume (1711-1776) is perhaps best known for his ideas about cause and effect and his criticisms of religion, but he is rarely thought of as a philosopher with practical wisdom to offer. Yet Hume's philosophy is grounded in an honest assessment of nature - human nature in particular. The Great Guide is an engaging and eye-opening account of how Hume's thought should serve as the basis for a complete approach to life. Julian Baggini masterfully interweaves biography with intellectual history and philosophy to give us a complete vision of Hume's guide to life.

Tida como uma obra única na história da Filosofia, Meditações contém as mais profundas e reveladoras reflexões espirituais e éticas já registradas. Apresentados de maneira direta, os insights reúnem os fundamentos do Estoicismo que guiaram os pensamentos do imperador filósofo Marco Aurélio, um dos líderes mais inteligentes e bem-sucedidos de sua época. Uma obra-prima essencial para gestores, curiosos e qualquer pessoa que já tenha enfrentado momentos difíceis, porém, sem deixar de cultivar a esperança em dias melhores.

Luke Russell discusses why some philosophers think that evil is a myth or a fantasy, while others think that evil is real. Along the way he asks whether evil is always horrific and incomprehensible or if it can be banal. Considering if there is a special psychological hallmark that sets the evildoers apart from the rest of us, Russell also engages with ongoing discussions over psychopathy and empathy, analyzing the psychology behind evildoing.

Socrates' admonition that "the unexamined life is not worth living" still resonates with many people, and The Complete Idiot's Guide to Philosophy is a great introduction to that mental exercise. Jay Stevenson skillfully covers the subject both historically and topically and brings the reader...

The author of the classic best seller shows how an exciting, new understanding of the nature of the universe has far-reaching implications for how we can better live our everyday lives, improve our communities, and meet the enormous challenges of our time.

By turns illuminating, infuriating, bewildering, and amusing, Nietzsche's masterwork covers a lot of ground. He rejects most strands of Western thought, especially on the subject of morality, and develops his own theme demanding that individuals embrace their own "will to power" to give life intention and direction. First published in German in 1887, this translation was produced in 1907 by Helen Zimmern, a long-standing acquaintance of Nietzsche.

The modern conception of sacrifice is at once cast as a victory of self-discipline over desire and condescended to as destructive and archaic abnegation. But even in the Old Testament, the dual natures of sacrifice, embodying both ritual slaughter and moral rectitude, were at odds. In this analysis, Terry Eagleton makes a compelling argument that the idea of sacrifice has long been misunderstood. Pursuing the complex lineage of sacrifice in a lyrical discourse, Eagleton focuses on the Old and New Testaments, offering a virtuosic analysis of the crucifixion.

In On Decline, Potter surveys the current problems and likely future of Western civilization (spoiler: it’s not great). Economic stagnation and the slowing of scientific innovation. Falling birth rates and environmental degradation. The devastating effects of cultural nostalgia and the havoc wreaked by social media on public discourse. Most acutely, the various failures of Western governments in their responses to the COVID-19 pandemic. If the legacy of the Enlightenment and its virtues—reason, logic, science, evidence—has run its course, how and why has it happened?

How can we live longer? Do we live in a simulation? Does free will actually exist? The Curious Ape is an exploration of the most powerful ideas from guests on the Joe Rogan podcast. These guests include some of the world’s finest scientists, philosophers, investigative journalists, athletes, and even whistle-blowers. These guests are often contrarians, and their ideas challenge conventional wisdom.

Tratados de ética que, desde el punto de vista doctrinal, mantiene una concordancia sustancial con la doctrina del bien y de la virtud que aparece en las otras obras éticas del autor.

L'Éthique à Nicomaque d'Aristote est composée de neuf livres qui traitent des moyens d'atteindre le bonheur en développant la vertu. Les deux derniers livres sont consacrés à définir l'amitié, telle qu'elle existe et telle qu'elle doit être vécue par l'homme vertueux. La méthode aristotélicienne permet de distinguer les différentes causes et les différentes manifestations de l'amitié, nécessaire à l'homme et qui lui révèle son appartenance à la communauté. Le véritable ami est celui qui aime l'autre pour lui, et non en vue de ce qu'il peut lui apporter.

In the 21st century the basic questions of ethics are no longer the abstract terms of ethical theory, but the concrete and burning issues related to the influence of life sciences, the impact of a globalized economy, and the consequences of present decisions for the future of humankind.

من الممكن لكل انسان ان يحقق الكمال المجازي لكن كما هو معلوم قليل جدا من يحققه، والسر في ذلك قوة الاختبار الدنيوي مقابل الضعف الانساني، وأقل شئ يمكن يحققه الانسان مهما كان ضعيف النفس، ولا يريد ان يتخلي عن ضعف نفسه، ألا يظهر فساده بين الناس وأن يستحي من الله ويتوب إليه في كل مرة يقوم بالمعصية ولو فعلها الف مره في اليوم، هذا اقل مايمكن ان يحققه الإنسان مهما كان ضعيف النفس، لأن ذلك أقل الاحترام لإنسانيته

Judith Butler shows how COVID-19 and all its consequences-political, social, ecological, economic-have challenged us to reconsider the sense of the world that such disasters bring about. Drawing on the work of Max Scheler, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and critical feminist phenomenology, Butler illuminates the conditions in which we seek to make sense of our disorientation, precarity, and social bonds. What World Is This? offers a new account of interdependency in which touching and breathing challenge the boundaries of the body and selfhood.

In "Praise of Folly", also translated as "The Praise of Folly", is an essay written in Latin in 1509 by Desiderius Erasmus of Rotterdam and first printed in June 1511. Inspired by previous works of the Italian humanist Faustino Perisauli De Triumpho Stultitiae, it is a satirical attack on superstitions, other traditions of European society and on the Western Church. Erasmus revised and extended his work, which was originally written in the space of a week while sojourning with Sir Thomas More at More's house in Bucklersbury in the City of London.

Addressing both collegiate and professional sports, the updated edition of Fair Play explores the ethical presuppositions of competitive athletics and their connection both to ethical theory and to concrete moral dilemmas that arise in actual athletic competition. A major new section in chapter four examines the ethics of genetically enhancing athletic abilities. Other new material covers the analysis of sports and games according to influential philosopher Bernard Suits; the morality of cheating and the ethics of strategic fouling; and more.

In den Aphorismen unter dem Titel "Zur Geschichte der moralischen Empfindungen" untersucht Friedrich Nietzsche die Ursprünge und Wandlungen moralischer Begriffe. Die Auswahl stammt aus seinem Werk "Menschliches, Allzumenschliches" und wurde für dieses Hörbuch von Sven Görtz zusammengestellt und interpretiert. Nietzsche analysiert mit scharfer Sprache, wie Begriffe wie Schuld, Reue, Mitleid, Pflicht oder Tugend historisch entstanden sind – und wie sie in Wahrheit Ausdruck von Trieben, Machtverhältnissen und kulturellen Entwicklungen sind.

رسالة تربوية وعاطفية، سطّر فيها خلاصة تجاربه وحكمته، بكلمات ملؤها الإرشاد والموعظة إلى ابنه، وبأسلوب يفيض بالصدق، يتحدث أحمد أمين عن معاني الحياة، وأهمية الأخلاق والعلم والعمل، كأنه يرسم لابنه خارطةً للسير في دروب الحياة. وينصحه بعبارات تجمع بين دفء الأبوة وعمق الحكمة، فيقدّم له دروسًا حول الصداقة، والجدّ، والتواضع، والتفكّر في الدنيا بروح ملؤها الأمل. كلماته تحاكي فيها أجيالٌ من الآباء والأبناء، حيث يعبّر عن آماله وآلامه، ويرسم صورةً للأب الذي يريد لابنه أن يتجنب أخطاءه، ويسير في طريق الاستقامة والنجاح. إلى ولدي ليس مجرد كتاب، بل هو وصية محبة وتوجيه يحمل في طياته روح الأبوة الصادقة.

Reparations for slavery have become a reinvigorated topic for public debate over the last decade. Most theorizing about reparations treats it as a social justice project—either rooted in reconciliatory justice focused on making amends in the present; or, they focus on the past, emphasizing restitution for historical wrongs. Olúfemi O. Táiwò argues that neither approach is optimal, and advances a different case for reparations—one rooted in a hopeful future that tackles the issue of climate change head on, with distributive justice at its core.

El Hagakure (que significa "a la sombra de las hojas" u "oculto en las hojas") es una obra literaria japonesa dictada por Yamamoto Tsunetomo (1659-1719) a uno de sus aprendices entre 1710 y 1717, inspirada en el célebre código Bushido. Yamamoto Tsunetomo, fue un samurái que en el siglo XVIII se retiró a las montañas para escribir las reglas del bushidō, con la intención de que fueran útiles a las generaciones venideras.