Political Founding

The Federalist Papers is a series of 85 articles arguing in favor of ratification of the United States Constitution by the 13 original colonies. Federalist No. 74 discusses the powers of the president as commander-in-chief and to grant pardons and reprieves. Hamilton asserts that the role of commander-in-chief is inherent in the office itself and requires the speed and resolve of a single decision-maker.

Between 1765 to 1791, the American Revolution was an ideological and political revolution in British America. In the American Revolutionary War (between 1775 to 1783), the Americans in the 13 groups established sovereign countries that beat the British, getting independence from the British Crown and establishing the United States of America, the first modern-day constitutional liberal democracy. The tax of American settlers by the British Parliament, a body in which they had no direct representation, provided contention.