World War Ii Social History

Dr. Ernst Gräfenberg was among the most sought-after gynecologists in pre-World War II Germany. The creator of the first IUD, known as the Gräfenberg ring, he was posthumously credited with identifying the eponymous "Gräfenberg spot" or G-spot. He was also a Jew in Nazi Germany, and by 1938 he had been stripped of his practice, his possessions, and his freedom and was languishing in a Nazi prison.

In 1944, there was still no united Yugoslavia, the Axis controlled most of Europe, and D-Day was only in the planning stages. In the Balkans, Tito was a beacon of hope against the advancing Nazis. He led a force of resistance fighters that bedeviled the occupying German army throughout Slavic regions and empowered people's committees to act as local government in all liberated areas. For observers on the political left, Tito seemed uniquely poised to unite the East and West against fascism - once and for all.

On March 25, 1957, Italy signed the Treaty of Rome, which established the European Economic Community (EEC), a forerunner of the European Union (EU) that was promoted as a guarantor of future peace in Europe. For the soldiers on both sides of World War II fighting each other 13 years earlier in the mountains around Monte Cassino, south of Rome, this would have seemed a highly improbable outcome. The Italian Campaign of World War II effectively divided Italians into three groups, and the country into two rival political entities.

With Germany resurgent and rearmed after the disasters inflicted on it by the Treaty of Versailles following World War I, the Munich Agreement held out hope of a quick end to German ambitions and the return of stable, normal international relations across Europe. Of course, the Munich agreement is now notorious because its promise proved barren within a very short period of time. Chamberlain's actions either failed to avert, or actually hastened, the very cataclysm he wished to avoid at all costs.

Separated by vast gulfs of political, cultural, and philosophical divergence, the three chief Allied nations of World War II - the United States, the Soviet Union, and Great Britain - attempted to formulate a joint policy through a series of three conferences during and immediately after the conflict.

Standing in history like a milestone marking the boundary between one era and the next, the Potsdam Conference brought together the leaders of the three major Allied powers - the United States, the Soviet Union, and the United Kingdom - for the last time at the end of World War II and at the threshold of the Cold War. A follow up to the Yalta Conference just five months earlier, Potsdam attempted to work out the contours of the postwar world.

Morgonen den 6 augusti 1945 fäller besättningen på planet Enola Gay en atombomb över Hiroshima. Några minuter senare har den japanska staden förvandlats till ett brinnande helvete. Tre dagar senare drabbas Nagasaki av samma öde. Till och med de förhärdade japanska generalerna, som varit fast beslutna att fortsätta strida, är skakade av den ofattbara förödelsen. När även kejsaren förespråkar en kapitulation, väljer Japan till slut att acceptera en villkorslös sådan. I allra sista ögonblicket är det nära att planerna kullkastas av en grupp officerare.

I augusti 1940 utsätts Berlin för ett bombanfall. Adolf Hitler blir rasande och beordrar omedelbart att en rad gigantiska luftvärnstorn ska byggas - vart och ett dyrare än stadens olympiska anläggningar. Tornen visar sig dock vara ineffektiva och är ett slöseri med resurser. Hitler slarvar även bort ett bra tillfälle att driva ut britterna ur Nordafrika och lägga beslag på Mellanösterns ovärderliga oljekällor, och till synes utan anledning drar han in stormakten USA i kriget i Europa.

I början av kriget rullar tyska stridsvagnar fram över land efter land, medan människor apatiskt ser på. Efter hand som tyskarnas ockupation blir alltmer brutal växer emellertid motståndsviljan. Fridfulla protester som allsångsträffar i Danmark utvecklas till sabotage och väpnad kamp. I Storbritannien är Winston Churchill snabb att snappa upp signalerna, och redan under sommaren 1940 upprättar han SOE, en hemlig spion- och sabotageorganisation. Churchills första order till SOE är tydlig: "Sätt Europa i brand".

I tolv år har Hitler regerat Tyskland. När riket under våren 1945 krymper, tar Führern sin tillflykt till Berlin. I april förskansar han sig i en bunker djupt under huvudstaden, men även där kan de ryska bomberna höras dygnet runt. Till sist är även Hitler tvungen att inse att kampen är över. Führern avvisar alla förslag att fly och väljer att använda sig av både en pistol och en giftkapsel - enligt läkaren det säkraste sättet att ta livet av sig på.

"Storia del Colonialismo italiano in Africa", è un excursus sul colonialismo italiano nel continente africano dagli ultimi decenni del XIX secolo fino alla seconda guerra mondiale, con cenni all'epoca post coloniale. In questo Audiobook le conquiste italiane sono presentate sia dal punto di vista dei sostenitori che da quello degli oppositori all’impresa: si riportano le posizioni e gli scritti di esponenti politici, capi dell'esercito, giornalisti, poeti e intellettuali, semplici soldati e coloni italiani, come pure le voci di leader politici africani, capi della resistenza e indigeni coinvolti nell'occupazione militare, che riferiscono il vissuto e le reazioni dei popoli colonizzati.

The European continent was devastated in the wake of World War II, and the conflict left the Soviet Union and the United States as uncontested superpowers. This ushered in over 45 years of the Cold War, and a political alignment of Western democracies against the Communist Soviet bloc that produced conflicts pitting allies on each sides fighting, even as the American and Soviet militaries never engaged each other.

El Día D, la invasión de Normandía por los aliados, que estaba en manos de la Alemania Nazi, fue uno de los logros más extraordinarios, no solo de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, sino de toda la historia militar. Millones de soldados de los países aliados participaron en esta invasión, la más grande jamás realizada. Increíbles actos de astucia y coraje aseguraron el éxito en una operación que cambió el curso de la guerra, abriendo un nuevo y amplio frente que condujo a la liberación de Francia y la derrota de la Alemania Nazi.

In this biography, young listeners will learn all about Elizebeth Friedman (1892-1980), a brilliant American code breaker who smashed Nazi spy rings, took down gangsters, and created the CIA's first cryptology unit. Her story came to light when her secret papers were finally declassified in 2015. From thwarting notorious rumrunners with only paper and pencil to “counter-spying into the minds and activities of” Nazis, she held a pivotal role in the early days of US cryptology. No code was too challenging for her to crack, and her work undoubtedly saved thousands of lives.

Die Weiße Rose - vor allem verbunden mit den Namen Hans und Sophie Scholl - kennt man als Widerstandsgruppe im nationalsozialistischen Staat. Wer aber weiß genau, was in den Flugblättern stand, die die jungen Leute das Leben kosteten?

Au cours de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, le système Double Cross (en anglais Double Cross System ou XX System, double cross signifiant tromper) était un dispositif de contre-espionnage organisé par le MI5, le service de renseignements britannique actif sur le territoire du Royaume-Uni, qui eut pour finalité la désinformation des services secrets allemands. Des agents nazis ont été capturés et retournés puis utilisés par les Britanniques principalement pour diffuser de fausses informations à leurs officiers-traitants allemands.

Henri Déricourt est un pilote français qui travailla comme agent secret pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Il est considéré comme agent triple : recruté par le Special Operations Executive britannique, il fut désigné comme officier des opérations aériennes en France (zone nord), mais il travailla simultanément au profit des services secrets allemands ; il est probable que, dans ce double rôle, il était contrôlé par le MI6... Voici l'histoire peu connue de ce français qui espionnait pour 3 services secrets en même temps...

L'opération Mincemeat (littéralement "chair à pâté") était un plan britannique organisé par le Système Double Cross durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. L'opération doit convaincre les Allemands de leur interception de documents hautement confidentiels qui détaillaient avec précision les futurs plans d'invasion des Balkans et de la Sardaigne, afin d'éloigner de la Sicile - véritable objectif des Alliés - les troupes allemandes.

L'opération Tracer était une opération d'espionnage militaire de la Seconde Guerre mondiale ultra secrète basée à Gibraltar, alors colonie britannique et base militaire. L'origine de cette opération venait du plan allemand pour envahir Gibraltar en 1940, connu sous le nom de code d'opération Félix. L'opération Tracer fut conçu par le contre-amiral John Henry Godfrey, le directeur de la Division du renseignement naval de l'Amirauté britannique.

Decisive Moments in History: The Manhattan Project covers the beginning of atomic research prior to the Manhattan Project, the exodus of talented scientists fleeing Nazi Germany throughout Europe, and the history and results of the grand project that ushered in the Atomic Age.