Assamese Demonology (Annotated)

In the hush between monsoon thunder and moonlit stillness, the hills of Assam have always whispered secrets. From the dense forests of Dima Hasao to the stilted villages along the Brahmaputra, ancient names still crawl across the memory of the land—Khoba-Khubi, Baak, Puwali Bhoot, Dainee, Jokhini. These are not merely ghosts, but living testaments to the cosmology of fear, justice, transgression, and survival among the people who have long dwelled in this region.

Assamese demonology is not a closed system, but a breathing map of emotion, ethics, and ecology.

Each demon reflects something more than malevolence: envy, betrayal, the wrath of drought, the curse of broken customs, the residue of ritual gone wrong. In these figures, we encounter the friction between tribal memory and Vaishnavite assimilation, the blurred edge where animism meets the Sanskritic pantheon. Every tale is a contested border.

This volume seeks not to sensationalize these spirits, but to restore their context—to give voice to the murmured warnings of grandmothers, the chants of ojhas beneath neem trees, the bloodlines of shamans and seers who trace protection in rice flour and vermilion. We treat these beings not as “superstitions” to be dismissed, but as cultural artefacts—and sometimes, as living presences—that still inhabit the fringes of modern Assamese life.