Comparative History

What is authoritarianism? And what made people give others the power to rule over them? Unchallenged authority serves at the heart of authoritarianism. In an age of democracy, authoritarianism is often met with stark criticism, whether the discussion is on tyranny, the psychology of totalitarianism, or how democracies die. Can authoritarian regimes be successful in the eyes of their citizens? Some nations thrive under authoritarian rule, while others have numerous issues leading to uprisings and protests.

The modern world has been marked by a series of immense social revolutions that have transformed the states where they happened. In 1979, American sociologist Theda Skocpol published States and Social Revolutions and examined three of these uprisings: in France at the end of the 18th century, then in Russia and in China in the first half of the 20th century. She pinpointed a number of common factors that affected each of these countries at the time revolution happened.

The five world religions are Christianity, Judaism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Islam. Each religion has a different history, a different prophet, and a different set of rituals and traditions, all coming to the same conclusion. That conclusion is this: To honor that which is divine is to honor one’s self and to honor one’s fellow man. A good, righteous, virtuous life looks the same in every religion: It is to live with truth, kindness, respect, and forgiveness, for one’s self and for others.