Language Philosophy

“Everybody argues; not everybody knows how to argue.” This phrase is incredibly accurate. You see, logical fallacies are everywhere. They can be used to manipulate people or turn an argument sour, derailing it from the get-go. This audiobook will give you the tools to fight logical fallacies and make your arguments completely bulletproof logically. Moreover, if you want to be a great debater, it will help you learn all the ins and outs of logical fallacies so you can laugh (inside) as your opponent gets stuck in them.

Mittlerweile legendär ist Gottlob Freges Unterscheidung von Sinn und Bedeutung am Beispiel des Planeten Venus: "Es würde die Bedeutung von Abendstern und Morgenstern dieselbe sein, aber nicht der Sinn." Das vorliegende Hörbuch vereint vier wichtige Schriften Gottlob Freges: "Über Sinn und Bedeutung" - Hier differenziert und entfaltet Frege die zentralen Begriffe Sinn, Bedeutung, Gedanke und Vorstellung. "Über Begriff und Gegenstand" - Eine Ergänzung und Fortführung zu "Über Sinn und Bedeutung", hier werden entsprechend dem Titel die Begriffe Begriff und Gegenstand entfaltet.

Эристика, или Искусство побеждать в спорах — труд немецкого философа Артура Шопенгауэра (нем. Arthur Schopenhauer, 1788–1860). Эристика — наука о правильном ведении спора, когда один из собеседников всегда останется при своем мнении, то есть останется правым. Другими выдающимися произведениями А. Шопенгауэра являются "О воле в природе", "О свободе воли", "Об основе морали", "Две основные проблемы этики", "О четверояком корне закона достаточного основания" и "Мир как воля и представление".

It is clearly explained: what it is for a statement to be necessarily true, why necessity, possibility, existence, and non-existence are properties of propositions (truths and falsehoods), not of objects or states of affairs, and more.

"Anything can be literature, and anything which is regarded as unalterably and unquestionably literature - Shakespeare, for example - can cease to be literature". These are the words of Terry Eagleton, the working-class Irish Marxist critic of English literature who believes that all literary theory is political. Not only is his observation quite banal, but it does not qualify as literary criticism. It is journalistic writing, and its validity depends merely upon our definition of literature. Perhaps his definition is so generic as to encompass any random piece of published writing.

This book is a description of how to attain inner peace without believing in an imaginary deity. It covers the positive thoughts and method versus the erroneous thoughts and method that make certainty possible.

Le mensonge est important. Nous nous mentons à nous-même et aux autres. Mais qu'est-ce qui nous pousse à dissimuler ou arranger la vérité à notre avantage ? Nous sommes imparfaits, pas aussi bons que nous le souhaiterions ou que nous le prétendons. L'intégration sociale nous oblige également à mentir car la vérité est source de problèmes et de conflits. Pour survivre et réussir, nous faisons semblant, avec les meilleures intentions. Mais attention! Le mensonge est bien trompeur. Quelles sont derrière les apparences, les diverses causes et formes du mensonge ?

In questo agile saggio Vera Gheno fa il punto sul dibattito che si è sviluppato in Italia intorno al linguaggio, con l'intento di aiutare il lettore a prendere una posizione, e accompagnarlo a riflettere proprio su quanto sia importante non dare mai nulla per scontato. Negli ultimi tempi, si parla in toni anche molto accesi di linguaggio inclusivo o ampio: che cos'è, come funziona, a chi e a cosa serve? Si tratta di un eccesso di politicamente corretto, oppure è un tema con cui, volenti o nolenti, dobbiamo fare i conti?

"Die Kunst, Recht zu behalten": Schopenhauers Argumentationstechnik, die einzig dem Zweck dient, ohne Rücksicht auf die Wahrheit aus Streitgesprächen siegreich hervorzugehen. Arthur Schopenhauer: geboren am 22.2.1788 in Danzig; gestorben am 21.9.1860 in Frankfurt/Main, entstammte einer patristischen Kaufmannsfamilie. Die ungeliebte Kaufmannslehre in Hamburg brach er nach dem Tod des Vaters (1805) ab und übersiedelte zur Mutter nach Weimar, wo diese einen literarischen Salon führte und bald zur berühmten Schriftstellerin avancierte. Seit 1809 studierte er in Göttingen Naturwissenschaften, ab 1811 in Berlin Philosophie.

Why have our conversations become so polarised? What does "woke" mean? How do we challenge bad ideas? Fantastic Fallacies: And Brilliant Biases is the second book in the Fantastic Fallacies series. With this book, you can identify frustrating arguments and learn how to effectively challenge them. It describes 50 of the most common fallacies and biases, how to find them and how to refute them.

Ludwig Wittgenstein is één van de belangrijkste denkers uit de 20e eeuw en zijn filosofische werk omvat vrijwel het hele menselijk denken en handelen, met nadruk op de logica. Weinig mensen echter weten dat muziek een hoofdrol speelde in zijn leven. Hij groeide op in een muzikale familie, waar grote componisten als Brahms en Mahler over de vloer kwamen. Zelf speelde Wittgenstein klarinet en hij componeerde een muziekstuk, getiteld Leidenschaftlich, dat hij met potlood tussen zijn filosofische aantekeningen krabbelde.

Critical thinking is a skill every person should possess. Sadly, it is all too common to follow the heard, to get stuck in old patterns or traditions, and to not see through the lies and deception of the world, whether intended or unintended. Reasoning can be a dangerous place for those who do not have the power or will to think for themselves. Moreover, it requires a little bit of an intelligence level to do so, and a skeptical mind too. Nevertheless, no matter how you spin it, critical thinking is an important thing to learn more about.

Wie gewinne ich ein Streitgespräch? Unter den deutschen Philosophen nimmt Arthur Schopenhauer (1788 - 1860) die Rolle eines Idealisten ein, der von Platon und Kant zu seiner eigenen Erkenntnistheorie fand. Wie man aus Streitgesprächen als Sieger hervorgeht, das ist das Kernthema des vorliegenden Werkes. Eristische Dialektik, das ist die Technik des Diskutierens, und mit seinen 38 rhetorischen Kunstgriffen, die Schopenhauer präsentiert, soll jede Debatte gewonnen werden können. Gefunden wurde das fertige Manuskript ohne Überschriften im Nachlass Schopenhauers.

Neste livro Schopenhauer apresenta 38 estratégias sobre a arte de vencer um oponente num debate, não importando os meios, utilizando a maior ferramenta que possuímos; a palavra. É possível recorrer a estes estratagemas, lícitos e ilícitos, para 'obter' razão, e defendê-la quando ela estiver do nosso lado ou conquistá-la quando estiver do lado do adversário. Com frieza classificatória, Schopenhauer indica 'os caminhos oblíquos e os truques de que se serve a natureza humana em geral para ocultar seus defeitos'.

Es el tratado sobre estrategia más famoso del mundo, que se ha convertido en un libro de culto en el ámbito de la empresa. Varias películas ambientadas en Wall Street han contribuido a popularizar este pequeño libro, que nos propone unos principios válidos tanto en el mundo de la estrategia militar como en el de los negocios o la política. A pesar de su antigüedad, se trata de un libro extremadamente moderno, que ayudará a reflexionar sobre cualquier tipo de problema.

El Arte de la Guerra es el mejor libro de estrategia de todos los tiempos. Inspiró a Napoleón, Maquiavelo, Mao Tse Tung, y muchas más figuras históricas. Este libro de dos mil quinientos años de antigüedad es uno de los más importantes textos clásicos Chinos, en el que, a pesar del tiempo transcurrido, ninguna de sus máximas ha quedado anticuada, ni hay un solo consejo que hoy no sea útil. Pero la obra del general Sun-tzu no es únicamente un libro de práctica militar....

One troubling trend amongst people today is the belief in "Luck". If you ask "What is Luck?" giving the impression you never heard of it before they are at a loss of words to explain what exactly "Luck" is. They've never actually thought about it but just believed that it existed. First we must know what luck is before we can come to classify it, if it exists.

Dit boek is een reisgids door de eeuwenoude filosofie van het Stoïcisme, een levenshouding die zijn wortels diep heeft verankerd in de menselijke geschiedenis. In een wereld die constant in beweging is, biedt het Stoïcisme een rotsvast kompas om je weg te vinden te midden van de problemen en vreugde van het leven.

Reason has done much of the heavy lifting throughout history. In this second volume, this book presents quotations from many of history's key figures who both recognize the importance—and also the limitations—of reason.

Many people don’t understand what critical thinking is. Moreover, not all the ones that do, apply it in their daily lives. Politics, the media, and so many other aspects of society show how small the number is of people who use their brains. Critical thinking means, among others, that you look at multiple sides of a controversial topic, that you can stay objective and put away your biases until you have reached a firm conclusion based on verifiable facts. This skill is highly valuable in job interviews, relationships, and everyday life.