Social Studies Study Guide

Philosopher Judith Butler's 1990 work, Gender Trouble, shook the foundations of feminist theory and changed the conversation about gender. While many thinkers already accepted that "gender" was a category constructed by society rather than defined by one's genitalia, Butler went further and argued that gender is performative - it exists only in the acts that express it. Society determines that wearing makeup is "feminine" - but some men wear makeup. Are they "women"?

In 1963's The Feminine Mystique, she identified "the problem that has no name" afflicting women pressured to devote themselves to domestic life. After World War II, society fostered the idea that women wanted different things from men - namely, to run homes and live through the achievements of their husbands and children. In reality, rigid gender roles left housewives frustrated and depressed and caused tensions both in their marriages and in how couples raised their children.

Philosopher Mary Wollstonecraft's 1792 work A Vindication of the Rights of Woman is a key text in the development of what we now know as feminism. Written in the atmosphere created by the French Revolution, which made radical change seem possible, Wollstonecraft's work challenges the idea that society's oppression of women is entirely natural. While her male contemporaries happily argued for the fundamental freedoms of all men, few were interested in extending these revolutionary rights to women.

Men and women think, talk, and act differently - which causes problems for writers who are trying to create characters of the opposite sex. When we understand the difference between masculine and feminine qualities and habits, we can use those behaviors and patterns to create characters who are plausible and unique, but not stereotypical. Writing between the Sexes will help you to identify your own gender-specific behaviors, notice those of the opposite sex, and use both to make your characters believable.

De Beauvoir's book charted the oppression of "the second sex" in terms never before seen in the academic world. Her most startling theory became a rallying cry for the feminist movement: "One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman." She argued that gender identity was shaped by upbringing in a world ruled by men. A leading light in the existentialist movement, de Beauvoir applied the radical philosophy of personal choice and freedom to argue that women were subjugated in every area of life.

Why has gender inequality persisted for so long without revolutionary change? That's the central question Joan Wallach Scott poses in her 1998 collection of essays, Gender and the Politics of History. Scott notes that obvious economic, social, and class inequalities have produced large-scale social change, but uncovering the reality of gender inequality has not done the same.

Even as recently as the 1920s the historical lack of great female writers was often considered as evidence of women's inferiority. Virginia Woolf disagreed. In her 1929 essay A Room of One's Own, she argues that creativity is impossible without privacy and freedom from financial worries - and that throughout history women have had neither. As a result, no tradition of great female writing existed to inspire women. Woolf's focus on the everyday suppression of women was a turning point.

In their best-selling book, The Coddling of the American Mind, Greg Lukianoff and Jonathan Haidt explore the culture of fragility and safetyism that has invaded American universities since 2013 and the underlying causes behind it. (Disclaimer: This is NOT the original book. If you’re looking for the original book, it is available from Amazon and Audible.)

Good and Mad: The Revolutionary Power of Women's Anger is a timely and thoughtful exploration into the history of women’s anger and oppression, the revolutions it has led to, as well as the current momentum all of those things in the wake of Donald Trump’s election...Rebecca Traister offers not only a guide for navigating your own anger in a system that was meant to suppress it, but also a guide to the history of feminism, oppression, and social justice movements from abolitions and women's suffrage to the tides of political change today.

This is an audio summary of Bob's Woodward's best-selling book that explores the detailed inner workings of Trump's highly unorthodox, and often toxic, White House. It is intended as a companion to, not a replacement for, the original book.

American lawyer-turned-sociologist David Riesman published his first book, The Lonely Crowd, in 1950. Aimed at academics, it nonetheless gained a large popular audience. In it, Riesman explores the links between social character - the ways in which members of a society are similar to one another - and social structures. Riesman's work popularized sociology, helping to establish it as an academic discipline, and today it provides a fascinating window into the 1950s American psyche.

Published in 1961, the year of Frantz Fanon's death, The Wretched of the Earth is both a powerful analysis of the psychological effects of colonization and a rallying cry for violent uprising and independence. The book rejects colonial assumptions that the people of colonized countries need to be guided by their European colonizers because they are somehow less evolved or civilized. Fanon argues that violence is justified to purge colonialism not just from the countries themselves, but from the very souls of their inhabitants.

In this audio summary of Factfulness, discover new habits you can adopt that will change the way you see the world and empower you to respond to the challenges and the opportunities of the future.

The concept of zombies has evolved dramatically over time, rooted in various cultural beliefs and folklore. The earliest instances of the undead can be traced back to ancient civilizations, where tales of the dead returning to life were often linked to spiritual beliefs and the fear of the unknown.

These are detailed, step-by-step explanations for each question within that specific LSAT PrepTest section. The LSAT Unplugged PrepTest Explanations for Logical Reasoning show you how to diagram using formal logic (if necessary) and how to approach the each question type. And, of course, they explain all the answer choices without resorting to useless phrases like "out of scope". This is the only series of LSAT PrepTest Logical Reasoning explanations you'll need to prepare you for the LSAT. You’re guaranteed you’ll achieve the highest scores you possibly can—or your money back.

Do you find yourself confronted with the nagging feeling that you should be doing more, making better decisions, being a better person, and wanting more out of your life? Once upon a time in Ancient China, there was a farmer with a brand-new horse. One day, his horse ran away. His neighbors gathered around him and said “It is so unfortunate for your horse to run away.”

Let a Man Be a Man: A Woman's Guide to a Healthy Relationship by Audra P. Jackson is a powerful guide that aims to reshape the dynamics between men and women in relationships. Drawing on her extensive experiences as a married, former music industry veteran and insights from focus groups, Jackson explores the often-overlooked ways in which women can unintentionally emasculate men.

How Would Jesus Vote? isn't intended to tell you which candidates to support; rather it offers you a Christ-centered understanding of the world to help you draw your own political conclusions. This election, don't cast an uninformed vote that fails to reflect your values. Instead, learn how to apply your faith and obedience to God to your ballot. This timely, helpful, and hopeful book will enable you to do just that.

Author Michael Pollan digs through decades of research and plays human guinea pig to illustrate the potential of psychedelics to alter the mind. Please note: This is a summary and analysis of the book and not the original book. If you'd like to purchase the original book, it is available from Amazon and Audible.

People of the past shaped this world, intentionally or unintentionally, which yielded the world we see today. Harnessing that evolutionary instinct of taking on risk and carving out meaning in this world is something to revisit and explore. In this book, the author applies primal characteristics of strength, courage, honor, and mastery to help listeners improve their personal, physical, financial, social, and spiritual well-being.