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Happy Mother's day to all mothers in the world. Queen - Mothers were vital to the power structures of the intralacustrine region. They were often the rallying points around which clans gathered to defend their candidate of choice. Here is a list of 5 pre-colonial Queen-Mothers of Uganda. Enjoy!!

Sources

Buganda

Laurence Schiller, “The Royal Women of Buganda” The International Journal of African Historical Studies, Vol. 23, No. 3 (1990), pp. 455-473

JM Gray, “Mutesa of Buganda”

Rhiannon Stephens, “A History of Motherhood, Food Procurement and Politics in East-Central Uganda to the Nineteenth Century” ( Evanston, Illinois 2007)

https://arch.library.northwestern.edu/downloads/x633f108q

Kabaka Muteesa’s letter to Queen Victoria ;

https://ekitibwakyabuganda.wordpress.com/2009/12/02/mutesas-letter-to-queen-victoria/#:~:text=Oh!,He%20is%20God%20of%20God.

Ham Mukasa, “Ebifa Ku Mulembe gwa Kabaka Mutesa” The Uganda Journal, Vol 1 No 2, April 1934. English Version translated by A.H.C. Full name isn’t displayed. Title in English is “Some Notes on the Reign of Kabaka Mutesa”.

https://original-ufdc.uflib.ufl.edu/UF00080855/00056/52j

Bunyoro

Ade Adefuye, “Kabalega and the Palwo: A Conflict of Aspirations”, (Journal of the Historical Society of Nigeria Vol VIII NO 1 December, 1975)

J.W. Nyakatura, Anatomy of an African Kingdom (New York: Nok Publishers, 1973)

Edward I. Steinhart, Conflict and Collaboration, The Kingdoms of Western Uganda 1890-1907(New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1977) https://www.amazon.ca/Conflict-Collaboration-Kingdoms-Western-1890-1907/dp/0691615594/ref=sr_1_1?crid=U1JCNQI4FX7J&keywords=The+Kingdoms+of+Western+Uganda+1890-1907&qid=1694981666&s=books&sprefix=the+kingdoms+of+western+uganda+1890-1907%2Cstripbooks%2C151&sr=1-1

Ruth Fischer, Twilight Tales of the Black Baganda( London: Marshall Brothers, 1938)

https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=30717853317&searchurl=kn%3DTwilight%2BTales%2Bof%2Bthe%2BBlack%2BBaganda%26sortby%3D17&cm_sp=snippet-_-srp1-_-image1

https://kabalegafoundation.org/facts-about-omukama-kabalega.html

https://www.bunyorokitarausa.org/amasaaza-ga-bunyoro/

Busoga

David William Cohen, “Womunafu’s Bunafu” ( New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1977)

https://www.abebooks.com/servlet/BookDetailsPL?bi=31182157137&searchurl=ds%3D20%26kn%3Dwomunafu%2527s%2Bbunafu%26sortby%3D17&cm_sp=snippet-_-srp1-_-title1

Rhiannon Stephens, “A Hist

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Today, I cover the pre-colonial history of the Bulamogi and Bukono states of the AbaiseNgobi clan up to 1900. The AbaiseNgobi are the royal clan of Busoga that ruled various states that eventually came to be known collectively as Busoga.
Bukooli was one of the many states that came to make up the modern traditional kingdom of Busoga in Uganda, East Africa.

Words to Note.
Zibondo - Title for King of Bulamogi Kingdom
Kabaka - Title for King of Buganda Kingdom
Nkono - Title for King of Bukono Kingdom
Tabingwa - Title for King of Luuka Kingdom

SOURCES

David William Cohen, “Emergence and Crisis: The States of Northern Busoga in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries” , in D. DENOON, ed., History of Uganda, vol. II (Nairobi: East African Publishing House).

David William Cohen, “The Historical Tradition of Busoga; Mukama and Kintu” ( London: Clarendon Press, 1972)

Federick Peter Batala-Nayenga, “An Economic History of the Lacustrine States of Busoga, Uganda: 1750-1939” ( University of Michigan, 1976)

Lloyd Fallers, “Bantu Bureacracy” ( The University of Chicago Press, 1965)

Minah Nabirye and Gilles-Maurice De Schryver, “Enkaana” , Fieldwork Texts Compiled by David William Cohen on the history of the Basoga people, (Kampala, Menha Publishers, 2022)

Y.K. Lubogo ESQ, “History of Busoga”(Kisubi,Uganda: Marianum Press Ltd, 2020)(Translated and reprint from original written in Luganda)

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Today, I cover the pre-colonial history of the Bukooli state of the AbaiseWakooli clan up to 1900.
Bukooli was one of the many states that came to make up the modern traditional kingdom of Busoga in Uganda, East Africa.
I start with the origin of their founder Okali who travelled with and was brothers with Kakaire of the Abaisemenha clan from Episode 3.

Bukooli grew into a state that attempted to dominate their neighbours.
Their connection to the much larger kingdom of Buganda enhanced their military and economic opportunities granting them access to guns and goods from the Zanzibar coast.

This is their pre-colonial history.

Correction at 21:06 Banda state in southeast Bukooli was ruled by the AbaiseKibiga not the AbaiseKiruyi. I got it wrong.. Twice. 🤦🏿(pg 467, Enkaana) I will forever hang my head in shame.

Few things to note.
Wakooli - Ttile for King of Bukooli Kingdom
Kabaka - Title for King of Buganda Kingdom
Ngobi. - Title for King of Buzimba-Kigulu Kingdom

Please see sources below for further reading.
Ashe, Robert, “ Chronicles of Uganda” (London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1894)

David William Cohen, “The Historical Tradition of Busoga; Mukama and Kintu” ( London: Clarendon Press, 1972)

David William Cohen, “Emergence and Crisis: The States of Northern Busoga in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries” , in D. DENOON, ed., History of Uganda, vol. II (Nairobi: East African Publishing House).

Early Treaties in Uganda, https://original-ufdc.uflib.ufl.edu/UF00080855/00061/520

Federick Peter Batala-Nayenga, “An Economic History of the Lacustrine States of Busoga, Uganda: 1750-1939” ( University of Michigan, 1976)

Minah Nabirye and Gilles-Maurice De Schryver, “Enkaana” , Fieldwork Texts Compiled by David William Cohen on the history of the Basoga people, (Kampala, Menha Publishers, 2022)

Ogenga Otunnu, “Crisis of legitimacy and Political Violence”, (Cham, Palgrave Macmillan, 2018)

William FitzSimons, “Warfare, Competition, and the Durability of Political Smallness in Nineteenth Century” Journal of African History ( Cambridge University Press, 2018)

Y.K. Lubogo ESQ, “History of Busoga”(Kisubi,Uganda: Marianum Press Ltd, 2020)(Translated and reprint from original written in Luganda)