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Join Kasey on the PT Snacks Podcast as we delve into Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome, a compression neuropathy affecting the posterior tibial nerve in the ankle. This episode covers the anatomy, symptoms, risk factors, and differential diagnosis, while also offering useful clinical tests and treatment approaches. Ideal for physical therapists and students, the episode provides bite-sized, fundamental knowledge aimed at improving patient care.

00:00 Introduction to PT Snacks Podcast
00:17 Understanding Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
02:59 Symptoms and Diagnosis of Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
03:24 Who is at Risk?
04:39 Clinical Assessment and Differential Diagnosis
05:37 Diagnostic Tests for Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
08:09 Conservative Treatment Approaches
11:20 When to Consider Surgery
12:51 Conclusion and Additional Resources

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In this episode of PT Snacks podcast, we delve into the topic of sports hernia, also known as athletic pubalgia. Listeners will learn about what a sports hernia is, how it occurs, and the anatomy involved, including key muscles and structures. The episode covers how to assess and treat this condition based on current research and offers insights into clinical challenges and differential diagnoses. We also discusse conservative treatments, exercise progression, and when surgical intervention might be necessary, providing a comprehensive overview for physical therapists and students.

00:00 Introduction to PT Snacks Podcast
00:43 Understanding Sports Hernia
03:55 Anatomy and Causes of Sports Hernia
05:03 Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis
06:42 Treatment Approaches
10:29 Surgical Options and Post-Op Rehab
12:02 Key Takeaways and Conclusion
12:58 Additional Resources and Offers

Ross JR, Stone RM, Larson CM. Core muscle injury/sports hernia/athletic pubalgia, and femoroacetabular impingement. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2015;23(4):213‑220.
Europe PMC

Drager J, Rasio J, Newhouse A. Athletic pubalgia (sports hernia): presentation and treatment. Arthroscopy. 2020;36(12):2952‑2963.

Forlizzi JM, Ward MB, Whalen J, Wuerz TH, Gill TJ 4th. Core muscle injury: evaluation and treatment in the athlete. Am J Sports Med. 2023;51(4):1087‑1095. doi:10.1177/03635465211063890.
PubMed

Kraeutler MJ, Mei‑Dan O, Belk JW, Larson CM, Talishinskiy T, Scillia AJ. A systematic review shows high variation in terminology, surgical techniques, preoperative diagnostic measures, and geographic differences in the treatment of athletic pubalgia/sports hernia/core muscle injury/inguinal disruption. Arthroscopy. 2021;37(7):2377‑2390.e2. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2021.03.049.
PubMed+2
Arthroscopy Journal+2

Cohen BH, Kleinhenz DT, Schiller JR, et al. Understanding athletic pubalgia: a review. R I Med J. 2016;99(10):31‑35.

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Need CEUs?
Get unlimited CEUs with MedBridge and save over $100 using code PTSNACKSPODCAST at checkout.
Students: Use PTSNACKSPODCASTSTUDENT for a discounted annual plan.

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In this episode of PT Snacks podcast, host Kasey delves into Baker's Cysts, explaining what they are, how they form, and why they occur. You'll learn about the anatomy of the knee joint, the role of synovial fluid, and the common knee conditions that can lead to the development of these cysts. Learn insights on how to diagnose Baker's Cysts and discusses various treatment options, including conservative management techniques and when to consider more invasive procedures. Whether you're a physical therapist or a student, this episode provides valuable knowledge to enhance your practice.

00:00 Introduction and Podcast Overview

00:39 Understanding Baker's Cysts

02:38 Causes and Symptoms of Baker's Cysts

05:31 Diagnosis and Treatment Options

08:15 Conclusion and Additional Resources

Handy JR. Popliteal cysts in adults: a review. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2001;31(2):108‑118. doi:10.1053/sarh.2001.27659

Herman AM, Marzo JM. Popliteal cysts: a current review. Orthopedics (Healio Org). 2014;37(8):e678‑e684. doi:10.3928/01477447‑20140728‑52

Frush TJ, Noyes FR. Baker’s cyst: diagnostic and surgical considerations. Sports Health. 2015;7(4):359‑365. doi:10.1177/1941738114545547

Zhou XN, Li B, Wang JS, Bai LH. Surgical treatment of popliteal cyst: a systematic review and meta‑analysis. J Orthop Surg Res. 2016;11:22. doi:10.1186/s13018‑016‑0356‑3

Lyalina VV, Skripnichenko EA, Borisovskaya SV, Nikitin I. Baker’s cyst: etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, differential diagnosis of complications‑‑a review. 2023.

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In this episode, we delve into the fundamentals of shoulder labral tears. Learn about the anatomy and function of the shoulder labrum, common types of labral tears, and how they occur. Discover methods to diagnose these injuries, including special tests and imaging techniques. We'll also explore treatment options, from conservative management to surgical intervention, and the importance of tailored rehabilitation. Remember to check out our show notes for helpful resources and special offers!

00:00 Welcome to BT Snacks Podcast
00:25 Introduction to Shoulder Labral Tears
01:29 Understanding the Shoulder Labrum
02:45 Types and Causes of Labral Tears
05:03 Diagnosing Labral Tears
06:31 Special Tests for Labral Tears
09:20 Conservative and Surgical Treatments
12:07 Post-Operative Rehabilitation
12:50 Conclusion and Additional Resources

Snyder SJ, Karzel RP, Del Pizzo W, Ferkel RD, Friedman MJ. SLAP lesions of the shoulder. Arthroscopy. 1990;6(4):274-279.

Kim SH, Ha KI, Kim SH. Classification and diagnosis of SLAP lesions: operative arthroscopic assessment and a new classification. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2004;86(7):1310-1317.

Wilk KE, Reinold MM, Andrews JR. Rehabilitation of the overhead throwing shoulder: current concepts and clinical applications. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2011;41(5):388-400.

Lesniak BP, Hsu AR, Potter HG, et al. Glenoid labral tears: part I—anatomy, pathophysiology, and diagnosis. Am J Sports Med. 2013;41(5):1114-1122.

Hegedus EJ, Goode A, Cook CE, et al. Physical examination tests of the shoulder: a systematic review with meta-analysis of individual tests. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008;38(7):341-352.

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Students: Get a full year of access for less with code PTSNACKSPODCASTSTUDENT.

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In this episode of PT Snacks podcast, we continue our discussion on the sacroiliac (SI) joint, discussing optimal manual techniques and exercises to help patients experiencing SI joint pain. We'll break down the function of the SI joint, explore the latest research on manual therapy, and explain why a combination of manual therapy and exercise is most effective. Join us as we cover high-level reviews and specific techniques to help your patients move better and feel better. Don't forget to hit the subscribe button, leave a review, and check out the special MedBridge discount in the show notes!

00:00 Introduction and Podcast Overview
00:26 Listener Feedback and Today's Topic Introduction
01:29 Understanding the Sacroiliac (SI) Joint
02:03 Manual Therapy Techniques for SI Joint
05:52 Mechanisms and Theories Behind Manual Therapy
13:46 Exercises for SI Joint Stabilization
15:44 Combining Manual Therapy and Exercise
16:57 Conclusion and Additional Resources

Trager RJ, Baumann A, Rogers H, et al. Efficacy of manual therapy for sacroiliac joint pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Man Manip Ther. 2024;32(2):71-85.

Nejati P, Safarcherati A, Karimi F. Effectiveness of exercise therapy and manipulation on sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial. Pain Physician. 2019;22(1):53-61.

Kamali F, Zamanlou M, Ghanbari A, Alipour A, Bervis S. Comparison of manipulation and stabilization exercises in patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a randomized clinical trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2019;23(1):177-182.

Bialosky JE, Bishop MD, Price DD, Robinson ME, George SZ. The mechanisms of manual therapy in the treatment of musculoskeletal pain: a comprehensive model. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2009;39(3):123-130.

Testa M, Rossettini G. Enhance placebo, avoid nocebo: how contextual factors affect physiotherapy outcomes. Phys Ther. 2016;96(11):1541-1549.

Shahali S, Ebrahimian MR, Hosseinifar M, et al. Effects of motor control exercise on pain and disability in patients with sacroiliac joint pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2021;56:102419.

Visser LH, Woudenberg NP, de Bont J, et al. Treatment of the sacroiliac joint in patients with leg pain

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Stay Connected!

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Save over $100 on unlimited CEUs with MedBridge using code PTSNACKSPODCAST at checkout.

Students: Get a full year of access for less with code PTSNACKSPODCASTSTUDENT.

Prepping for the NPTE? PT Final Exam offers all the tools you need. Use code PTSnacks at checkout to get a discount!

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In this episode, we cover the anatomy and functions of the menisci, the mechanisms behind various types of meniscal tears, and clinical assessment techniques. We also discuss when to opt for conservative care versus surgical treatment, and reviews special tests and imaging standards like MRIs. Tune in to enhance your understanding of knee meniscal injuries and improve your clinical practice.

00:00 Introduction to Bets Snacks Podcast

00:23 Overview of Knee Meniscal Tears

00:54 Anatomy and Function of the Menisci

03:03 Types of Meniscal Tears

05:58 Clinical Assessment Techniques

08:15 Imaging and Diagnosis

09:04 Conservative vs. Surgical Treatment

12:03 Conclusion and Additional Resources

Beamer BS, Walley KC, Okajima S, et al. (2017). Meniscal Repair vs Partial Meniscectomy: A Comparative Analysis of Clinical Outcomes. Arthroscopy, 33(9), 1635–1643.

Englund M, Guermazi A, Gale D, et al. (2008). Incidental Meniscal Findings on Knee MRI in Middle-Aged and Elderly Persons. New England Journal of Medicine, 359(11), 1108–1115.

Logerstedt DS, Scalzitti D, Risberg MA, et al. (2010). Knee Pain and Mobility Impairments: Meniscal and Articular Cartilage Lesions. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy (JOSPT) Clinical Practice Guidelines, 40(6), A1–A35.

LaPrade RF, Geeslin AG, Everett CR, et al. (2015). Diagnosis and Treatment of Meniscal Injuries: A Review. Sports Health, 7(2), 147–154.

Stensrud S, Risberg MA, Roos EM. (2012). Effect of Exercise Therapy on Meniscal Tear Outcomes in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. British Medical Journal (BMJ), 344:e533.

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Save over $100 on unlimited CEUs with MedBridge using code PTSNACKSPODCAST at checkout.

Students: Get a full year of access for less with code PTSNACKSPODCASTSTUDENT.

Prepping for the NPTE? PT Final Exam offers all the tools you need. Use code PTSnacks at checkout to get a discount!

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Understanding the Sacroiliac Joint: Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

In this episode of PTs Snacks podcast, we cover the often misunderstood sacroiliac (SI) joint, explaining its anatomy and function. Listeners will learn about the causes of SI joint pain and the risk factors associated with it. We also discuss methods for diagnosing SI joint pain and effective treatments.

00:00 Introduction to PTs Snacks Podcast
00:58 Overview of the Sacroiliac (SI) Joint
01:28 Anatomy and Function of the SI Joint
02:59 Causes and Risk Factors of SI Joint Pain
04:13 Symptoms and Differential Diagnosis
06:48 Provocative Tests for SI Joint Pain
09:31 Imaging and Injections for Diagnosis
10:43 Treatment Options for SI Joint Pain
11:32 Conclusion and Additional Resources

Resources:

Nejati P, et al. Effectiveness of exercise therapy and manipulation on sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a randomized controlled trial. Pain Physician. 2019;22(1):53-61.

Trager R, et al. Efficacy of manual therapy for sacroiliac joint pain syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Musculoskelet Sci Pract. 2024;67:102815.

Doğan N, et al. Effects of mobilization treatment on sacroiliac joint dysfunction syndrome. Pain Res Manag. 2021;2021:6613629.

Javadov A, et al. The efficiency of manual therapy and sacroiliac and lumbar exercises in patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction syndrome. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil. 2021;67(2):129-36.

Cerasoli T, et al. Injective therapies for managing sacroiliac joint pain in spondyloarthropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2025.

Gartenberg A, et al. Sacroiliac joint dysfunction: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2021;14(6):414-21.

Liu Y, et al. Comparative efficacy of clinical interventions for sacroiliac joint pain: systematic review and network meta-analysis with preliminary design of treatment algorithm. Pain Physician. 2023;26(2):123-34.

Polly D, et al. Two-year outcomes from a randomized controlled trial of minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion vs non-surgical management for sacroiliac joint dysfunction. Int J Spine Surg. 2016;10:28.

Vanaclocha V, et al. Minimally invasive sacroiliac joint fusion, radi

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Stay Connected!

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Welcome to PT Stocks podcast! In this episode, we dive into the fundamentals of using MRIs in physical therapy. MRIs are a great tool, but we need to learn how to use them appropriately to maximize their effectiveness. We'll explore key topics such as common asymptomatic MRI findings, when to order imaging, and how to educate and empower patients. Expect to learn about the cervical and lumbar spine, knee, rotator cuff, and hip labral tears, and get actionable tips on integrating MRI with clinical assessments. Tune in for practical takeaways that will enhance your diagnostic skills without over-relying on imaging.

00:00 Introduction to PT Stocks Podcast

00:55 Understanding MRIs: Asymptomatic Findings

03:42 Clinical Examples of MRI Findings

08:59 When to Order an MRI

12:34 Cases Where MRI May Not Be Needed

14:50 Conclusion and Additional Resources

Brinjikji W, Luetmer PH, Comstock B, et al. Systematic literature review of imaging features of spinal degeneration in asymptomatic populations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2015;36(4):811–816. doi:10.3174/ajnr.A4173

Culvenor AG, Øiestad BE, Østerås N, et al. MRI features of knee osteoarthritis in patellofemoral pain: a cross-sectional case–control study. Br J Sports Med. 2018;52(12):817–823. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-098349

Tempelhof S, Rupp S, Seil R. Age-related prevalence of rotator cuff tears in asymptomatic shoulders. J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1999;8(4):296–299. doi:10.1016/S1058-2746(99)90148-9

Yamaguchi K, Ditsios K, Middleton WD, Hildebolt CF, Galatz LM, Teefey SA. The demographic and morphological features of rotator cuff disease: a comparison of asymptomatic and symptomatic shoulders. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;88(8):1699–1704. doi:10.2106/JBJS.E.00835

Register B, Pennock AT, Ho CP, Strickland CD, Lawand A, Philippon MJ. Prevalence of abnormal hip findings in asymptomatic participants: a prospective, blinded study. Am J Sports Med. 2012;40(12):2720–2724. doi:10.1177/0363546512453291

Cardinal E, Buckwalter KA, Braunstein EM, Pope TL, Montgomery WJ. MR imaging of the Achilles tendon: a pictorial essay. Radiographics. 1996;16(2):417–428. doi:10.1148/radiographics.16.2.8966297

Deyo RA, Mirza SK, Turner JA, Martin BI. Overtreating chronic

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Save over $100 on unlimited CEUs with MedBridge using code PTSNACKSPODCAST at checkout.

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Prepping for the NPTE? PT Final Exam offers all the tools you need. Use code PTSnacks at checkout to get a discount!

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