Science Analysis

The history of philosophy is beset by unresolved disputes. These disputes are passed down from generation to generation as problems to be solved. If not solved, they engender skepticism. Philosophical disputes, posed as problems, can be resolved or dissolved if we first acknowledge that some things are clear to reason.

In his 1997 work Guns, Germs, and Steel, American geography professor and environmental historian Jared Diamond looks to answer the question of why human history unfolded differently on different continents, and why power and wealth became distributed as they are.

Don't miss this summary of Thomas L. Friedman's eye-opening look at the current state of the world, Thank You for Being Late: An Optimist's Guide to Thriving in the Age of Accelerations. In his book, Friedman explores the accelerating changes affecting our world and offers concrete advice for how we need to adapt. This SUMOREADS summary provides key takeaways and analysis from the original book to help you quickly absorb his profound wisdom.

This book highlights the historic inflection point we are in, both in terms of philanthropy in general and specifically in financing solutions to our most urgent social and environmental problems. It covers two movements that have recently influenced capitalism. First, wealthy millennials have pressured their bankers to invest family portfolios in companies with high social and environmental impact (ESG ratings), triggering a wave where the wealth management industry and now all public companies are adapting to the demand for good.

When American sociologist C. Wright Mills's The Sociological Imagination was first published in 1959, it provoked much hostile reaction. This was understandable: the book was a hard-hitting attack on how sociology was practiced - and on a number of leading sociologists. Mills was a fierce critic of both modern capitalism and Soviet-style authoritarianism, and argued that the sociology profession failed to look at how people's problems are connected to the structures of the society in which they live.

Social capital - the relationships between people that allow communities to function well - has long been recognized as the grease that oils the wheels of society. It facilitates trust, creates bonds among neighbors, and even helps boost employment. In his 2000 book, Bowling Alone, American sociologist Robert Putnam argues that Americans have become disconnected from one another and from the institutions of their common life and investigates the consequences of this change.

Politics is one of the first books ever to investigate the concept of political philosophy. Written by the famous Greek thinker Aristotle in the fourth century BCE, it focuses on trying to understand how best to create political communities that support, serve, and improve their citizens. Aristotle investigates a number of different areas before drawing conclusions. These include an examination of existing regimes to see which are best, a look at political theories, and even an exploration of the systems of education.

Philosopher Judith Butler's 1990 work, Gender Trouble, shook the foundations of feminist theory and changed the conversation about gender. While many thinkers already accepted that "gender" was a category constructed by society rather than defined by one's genitalia, Butler went further and argued that gender is performative - it exists only in the acts that express it. Society determines that wearing makeup is "feminine" - but some men wear makeup. Are they "women"?

Philosopher Mary Wollstonecraft's 1792 work A Vindication of the Rights of Woman is a key text in the development of what we now know as feminism. Written in the atmosphere created by the French Revolution, which made radical change seem possible, Wollstonecraft's work challenges the idea that society's oppression of women is entirely natural. While her male contemporaries happily argued for the fundamental freedoms of all men, few were interested in extending these revolutionary rights to women.

British-born American political activist Thomas Paine wrote Rights of Man in 1791 in response to Reflections on the Revolution in France, Edmund Burke's attack on the French Revolution. Burke was wary of tearing down old institutions of government. But Paine argued that revolution is acceptable - in fact, necessary - when government ignores the rights of its people. Not surprisingly, Rights of Man proved very popular in the newly liberated United States, selling over 100,000 copies.

What really happened when the world's two greatest superpowers went head to head during the Cold War? We Now Know is a major reappraisal of the struggle for political and ideological supremacy between the United States and the Soviet Union from 1945 to the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962.

Clifford Geertz's first collection of essays, The Interpretation of Cultures (1973), made him a leading voice of anthropology's "symbolic" movement, which believed scholars should read the signs and symbols of a culture from the perspective of its natives. Geertz's approach helped anthropology reinvent itself as a scientific discipline that is still relevant today, making him - in the words of one critic - "a true giant of social and cultural theory."

Would you like to learn to use Python extracting meaningful insight from data to grow your business but you reckon it will be too complex? As a beginner, you will be probably afraid that programming is difficult. Learning data analysis and data mining can take months, and the possibility to give up before mastering them could be high. The best solution is a complete programming manual with hands-on projects and practical exercises. This guide is structured as a course with seven chapters for seven days and studied special exercises to apply what you learned step-by-step.

Philosophical Foundation argues for clarity over and against meaninglessness, which is implicit in various forms of skepticism and fideism. Throughout the book, critical analysis is applied to unexamined assumptions in the areas of metaphysics and ethics in order to address long-standing disputes.

Computer programmers are increasingly in demand in the world. It is estimated that over 50 percent of companies fail to hire Python programmers because there are not enough advanced and prepared programmers. The problem, however, is that the world is full of books and technical courses that are not able to easily explain the Python programming language and teach how to analyze the data properly.

Steven Pinker wants to prove that we are living in a world that is better off than it has ever been, and it will only continue to get better. In Enlightenment Now, Pinker argues that the best tools we have come from the 18th century ideals of reason, science, progress, and humanism, and we can leverage them in very 21st century ways by using data to tell the story of our modern world. (Disclaimer: This is NOT the original book. If you’re looking for the original book, it is available from Amazon and Audible.)

Corporations are the most powerful entities on the planet. Unfortunately, many have had a long record of unprecedented and unbridled environmental degradation, social transgressions, and governance secrecy. Since by law they are beholden to their shareholders, some philanthropic trusts, pension funds, and other institutional investors have used shareholder advocacy to press for changes in corporate policy. But individual investors have largely been silent, thinking themselves powerless.

Companies are collecting more data from ever. With the ease of collecting all that data, all the different sources where you can receive the data, and the inexpensive storage, it makes sense to collect as much data as possible. But without a good analysis of that data, and without some time to really figure out what trends and insights are inside all of it, that data becomes worthless. This is where predictive analytics is going to come in handy.

PLEASE NOTE: This is a summary and analysis of the book and not the original book. Neuroscientist Lisa Mosconi reviews the link between food and brain function and offers specific recommendations for staying mentally younger, sharper, and fitter in her book Brain Food: The Surprising Science of Eating for Cognitive Power.

This is a short but comprehensive analysis of the UN's controversial program established in 1992 as a "sustainable development plan" for the entire world, for the 21st century. Its main points are coincidental to the "Communist Manifesto", issued by Karl Marx in 1848. It includes the abolition of all private property, banning inheritances, reducing the population, and the transfer of all resources into the hands of UN bureaucrats.