The “maximum power principle” may sound like the doctrine of an evil supervillain, but it actually applies to all living creatures. The principle states that biological systems organize to increase power whenever constraints allow. Given the way humans adhere to this principle, especially by overexploiting fossil fuels, we often do behave like supervillains, wielding power in wildly irresponsible ways and triggering climate change, biodiversity loss, and other aspects of our sustainability predicament. Sometimes it seems like we’re using a backhoe to dig our own grave. Fortunately, once you understand efficiency and its different flavors, you can see opportunities to optimize power rather than maximize it. While considering the outlook for humanity, the Crazy Townies ponder a weird question: are we smarter than reindeer? Richard Heinberg, author of Power: Limits and Prospects for Human Survival, joins the team to share his research on how people can optimize power. Originally recorded on May 6, 2021.

Sources/Links/Notes:

• Richard Heinberg’s book is Power: Limits and Prospects for Human Survival.
• John DeLong’s definition of the maximum power principle is that biological systems organize to increase power whenever the system constraints allow.
• DeLong also wrote: “The maximum power principle predicts the outcomes of two-species competition experiments“.
• Statistics on the Bagger 293 bucket-wheel excavator
• Dams powered airplane and ship building in the Pacific Northwest (Bonneville and Grand Coulee Dams).
• The cross-Atlantic sailing voyage of Greta Thunberg
• Short comic with the story of reindeer on St. Matthew Island
• Episode of the Radiolab podcast with a wild story about mTOR

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Maximize profits, exploit nature, hoard money, and, like Buzz Lightyear, grow the economy to infinity and beyond! That’s the modern economic playbook. But for decades, one renegade country has taken a contrarian stance that actually cares about people’s wellbeing and environmental health: the Himalayan nation of Bhutan. When Bhutan embraced “Gross National Happiness” and a sane notion of progress, environmentalists and social reformers rejoiced. They spotlighted Bhutan as an example of how we can build a better economy. But now it seems that no one can escape the gravity field of techno-capitalism’s black hole of cryptocurrency and bullshit investments. In today’s episode, we explore Bhutan’s dark turn and go on the hunt for other examples of nations doing things to curb overexploitation of people and the planet.

Originally recorded on 7/21/25. Visit Crazy Town on the web.

Sources/Links/Notes:

• To be fair, Bhutan is still working on Gross National Happiness. In fact, there's a Global GNH Forum being staged November 7-12, 2025 in Dungkar Dzong, Paro, Bhutan.
• Steven Anderson, "Bhutan Uses Bitcoin to Boost Salaries and Curb Brain Drain," The Currency Analytics, April 15, 2025.
• The creation of Nunavut

Related episode(s) of Crazy Town:

• Episode 37, "Discounting the Future and Climate Chaos"

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In this episode we travel in time to the year 2125, to visit the Crazy Town museum, which showcases today’s world of wanton consumption and profligate waste. How will humans in 2125 – if there are any of us left – judge the things everyone sees as normal today? Jason, Rob, and Asher take turns serving as expert curators of this future museum, nominating items that best encapsulate how foolish and environmentally ruinous our priorities are. At the end we call on you, dear listener, to share what you would include in the museum.

Originally recorded on 7/11/25. Visit Crazy Town on the web.

(Spoiler Alert) View Artifacts in the Museum:

• Sportscar hopping from skyscraper to skyscraper (from the movie Furious 7)
• "Ronnie Fieg Has Mastered The Art Of Collecting" in Haute Magazine
• Echo PB-9010T backpack leaf blower
• SoFi Stadium in Los Angeles, California
• Ronald Reagan’s 1985 inaugural address
• Barbie Pool Party Playset
• The world's biggest landfill in Las Vegas, Nevada
• The world's largest cruise ship, Royal Caribbean Icon of the Seas
• Jimmy Dean blueberry pancakes and sausage on a stick

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