Over the past three decades, Iranian women have increasingly pursued higher education—often outnumbering men in universities—yet the regime continues to bar them from meaningful employment. As a result, educated women are disproportionately unemployed: over 40 % of jobless degree-holders are women, accounting for nearly 72 % of that demographic

Rather than address this crisis, the clerical regime has reinforced traditional gender roles through state media and public discourse, framing women’s purpose as homemaking rather than professional contribution. In many impoverished provinces, women with degrees are relegated to precarious, low-paid jobs—if they can work at all—forcing some to accept dependency as a survival strategy.

This systemic exclusion is a deliberate policy, not an economic oversight. Under economic stagnation and patriarchal messaging, the regime uses structural unemployment to suppress women’s empowerment. Despite these barriers, some educated women continue to engage in arts, activism, and grassroots efforts—mainly in urban centers—while those in rural and marginalized regions have fewer options.

The article concludes that the exclusion of women from the workforce is embedded in law, culture, media, and the state apparatus. It asserts that meaningful change for Iran’s educated women can only come with the overthrow of the clerical regime.

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